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1、Guncultureisaculturesharedbypeopleinthegunpoliticsdebate,generallythosewhoadvocatepreservinggunrightsandwhoaregenerallyagainstmoreguncontrol.IntheUnitedStates,thetermisusedsolelytoidentifygunadvocateswhoarelegitimateandlegalownersandusersofguns,usinggunsforselfdefense
2、,sportinguses(hunting),andrecreationaluses(targetshooting).InplaceswherethoserightshavebeenlostsuchastheUKandAustralia,"gunculture"referstotheuseofgunsbycriminals(astheyaretheoneswhoremainarmed).AccordingtopoliticalscientistRobertSpitzer,theAmericanguncultureasitexist
3、stodayisfoundedonthreefactors;theproliferationoffirearmssincetheearliestdaysofthenation,theconnectionbetweenpersonalownershipofweaponsandthecountry'srevolutionaryandfrontierhistory,andtheculturalmythologyregardingtheguninthefrontierandinmodernlife.Spitzerwritesthat:Tw
4、oelementsofthemodernAmericangunculturehavesurvivedsincetheearliestdaysofthecountry:thehunting/sportingethosthemilitia/frontierethosTheHunting/SportingethosemergedwhenAmericawasanagrariannationinwhichhuntingwasavaluablesourceofsupplyingfoodforsettlers,gunswereameansofp
5、rotectionfromanimalpredators,andthemarketforfurscouldprovideasourceofincome.Acquiringshootingskillswasconnectedwithsurvival,andacquiringtheseskillswasa"riteofpassage"forboysenteringmanhood.Theroleofgunsasmarksofmaturitypersiststothisday.Today,huntingsurvivesasacentral
6、componentofthegunculture,althoughsomepredictthat"huntingheritage"maydisappearinthetwenty-firstcentury.TheMilitia/FrontierethosemergedfromearlyAmericans'dependenceontheirwitsandskilltoprotectthemselvesfromhostileNativeAmericansandforeignarmies.Survivaldependeduponevery
7、onecarryingaweapon(excludingblacks,andinalargepart,women).InthelateEighteenthCentury,therewasneitherthemoneynormanpowertomaintainafull-timearmy;thereforethearmedcitizensoldiercarriedtheresponsibilityofprotectinghiscountry.Serviceinmilitia,includingprovidingyourownammu
8、nitionandweapons,wasmandatoryforalladultmales.Yet,asearlyasthe1790s,themandatoryuniversalmilitiadutygavewaytovoluntarymiliti
