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1、~2009PartC Thereisnoquestionthatscience-fictionwritershavebecomemoreambitious,stylisticallyandthematically,inrecentyears.(46)Butthismayhavelesstodowiththeluringcallofacademicsurroundingsthanwithchangingmarketconditions-afactorthatacademiccriticsrarelytak
2、eintoaccount.RobertSilverberg,aformerpresidentofTheScienceFictionWritersofAmerica,isoneofthemostprolificprofessionalsinafielddominatedbypeoplewhoactuallywriteforaliving.(UnlikemysteryorWesternwriters,mostscience-fictionwriterscannotexpecttocashinonfatmovi
3、esalesorTVtie-ins.)(47)Stillinhislatethirties,Silverberghaspublishedmorethanahundredbooks,andheisdisarminglyfrankabouttherelationshipbetweenthequalityofgenuineproseandthequalityofavailableoutlet.Byhisownaccount,hewas"anannoyinglyverbalyoungman"fromBrookly
4、nwhopickeduphisfirstscience-fictionbookattheageoften,startedwritingseriouslyattheageofthirteen,andatseventeennearlygaveupindespairoverhisinabilitytobreakintothepulpmagazines.(48)Athisparents'urging,heenrolledinColumbiaUniversity,sothat,ifworstcametoworst,
5、hecouldalwaysgototheSchoolofJournalismand"getanicesteadyjobsomewhere".Duringhissophomoreyear,hesoldhisfirstscience-fictionstorytoaScottishmagazinenamedNebula.Bytheendofhisjunioryear,hehadsoldanovelandtwentymorestories.(49)Bytheendofhissenioryear,hewasearn
6、ingtwohundreddollarsaweekwritingsciencefiction,andhisparentswerereconciledtohispursuitoftheliterarylife."Ibecameverycynicalveryquickly,"hesays.FirstIcouldn'tsellanything,thenIcouldselleverything.Themarketplayedtomyworstcharacteristics.Aneditorofaschlockma
7、gazinewouldcalluptotellmehehadaten-thousand-wordholetofillinhisnextissue.I'dfillitovernightforahundredandfiftydollars.Ifoundthatrewritingmadenodifference.(50)IknewIcouldnotpossiblywritethekindsofthingsIadmiredasareader-Joyce,Kafka,Mann-soIdetachedmyselffr
8、ommywork.Iwasaphenomenonamongmyfriendsincollege,apublished,sellingauthor.Buttheyalwaysasked,"Whenareyougoingtodosomethingserious?"-meaningsomethingthatwasn'tsciencefiction-andIkepttellingthem,"WhenI'mfinanciallysecu
