资源描述:
《English Linguistics.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ACourseonLinguisticsforStudentsofEnglish--ChengZhenquanSchoolofForeignStudies,SCNUTheGoalsforthisCourseTogetascientificviewonlanguage;Tounderstandsomebasictheoriesonlinguistics;Tounderstandtheapplicationsofthelinguistictheories,especiallyinthefieldsoflanguageteaching&learning(SLAorTEFL)
2、,cross-culturalcommunication……;Toprepareforthefutureresearchwork.TheRequirementsforthiscourseClassattendanceClassroomdiscussionFulfillmentoftheassignmentExaminationReferenceBooks戴炜栋,何兆熊,(2002),《新编简明英语语言学教程》,上海外语教育出版社。胡壮麟,(2001),《语言学教程》,北京大学出版社。刘润清,(1995),《西方语言学流派》,外语教学与研究出版社。Fromkin,V.&
3、R.Rodman,(1998),AnIntroductiontoLanguagethesixthedition,Orlando,Florida:Holt,Ranehart&Winston,Inc.Chapter1.Introduction1.Whatislanguage?Languagecanmeanwhatapersonsays(e.g.badlanguage,expressions)thewayofspeakingorwriting(e.g.Shakespeare’slanguage,Luxun’slanguage)aparticularvarietyorleve
4、lofspeechorwriting(e.g.languageforspecialpurpose,colloquiallanguage)theabstractsystemunderlyingthetotalityofthespeech/writingbehaviorofacommunity(e.g.Chineselanguage,firstlanguage)thecommonfeaturesofallhumanlanguages(e.g.Hestudieslanguage)atoolforhumancommunication.(socialfunction)aseto
5、frules.(rule-governed)Sapir’sdefinition(1921)“Languageisapurelyhumanandnon-instinctivemethodofcommunicatingideas,emotionsanddesiresbymeansofvoluntarilyproducedsymbols.”Hall’sdefinition(1968)Languageis“theinstitutionwherebyhumanscommunicateandinteractwitheachotherbymeansofhabituallyusedo
6、ral-auditoryarbitrarysymbols.”Chomsky’sdefinition(1957)“FromnowonIwillconsiderlanguagetobeasetof(finiteorinfinite)sentences,eachfiniteinlengthandconstructedoutofafinitesetofelements.”Languagecanbegenerallydefinedasasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.Languageisasystem
7、Systematic----rule-governed,elementsinitarearrangedaccordingtocertainrules;can’tbecombinedatwill.e.g.*bkli,*Iappleeat.LanguageisarbitraryArbitrary----nointrinsicconnectionbetweenthewordandthethingitdenotes,e.g.“pen”byanyothernameisthethingweusetowritewith.Languageissymbolicinna