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1、AlbertEinstein'sEarlyLifeEinstein'sparents,HermannandPauline,middle-classGermanJewsEinsteinwasborninUlm,GermanyonMar.14,1879.Einstein'sparents,whowerenonobservantJews,movedfromUlmtoMunichwhenEinsteinwasaninfant.Thefamilybusinesswasthemanufactureofelectr
2、icalparts.Whenthebusinessfailed,in1894,thefamilymovedtoMilan,Italy.AtthistimeEinsteindecidedofficiallytorelinquishhisGermancitizenship.Withinayear,stillwithouthavingcompletedsecondaryschool,Einsteinfailedanexaminationthatwouldhaveallowedhimtopursueacour
3、seofstudyleadingtoadiplomaasanelectricalengineerattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology.HespentthenextyearinnearbyAarauatthecantonalsecondaryschool,whereheenjoyedexcellentteachersandfirst-ratefacilitiesinphysics.Einsteinreturnedin1896totheSwissFederalIns
4、tituteofTechnology,wherehegraduated,in1900asasecondaryschoolteacherofmathematicsandphysics.TheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology("ETH"),ZurichAftertwoyearsheobtainedapostattheSwisspatentofficeinBern.Thepatent-officeworkrequiredEinstein'scarefulattention,
5、butwhileemployed(1902-09)there,hecompletedanastonishingrangeofpublicationsintheoreticalphysics.Forthemostpartthesetextswerewritteninhissparetimeandwithoutthebenefitofclosecontactwitheitherthescientificliteratureortheoreticiancolleagues.Einsteinsubmitted
6、oneofhisscientificpaperstotheUniversityofZurichtoobtainaPh.D.degreein1905.In1908hesentasecondpapertotheUniversityofBernandbecamealecturerthere.ThenextyearEinsteinreceivedaregularappointmentasassociateprofessorofphysicsattheUniversityofZurich.Thepatentof
7、ficeinBern.By1909,EinsteinwasrecognizedthroughoutGerman-speakingEuropeasaleadingscientificthinker.InquicksuccessionheheldprofessorshipsattheGermanUniversityofPragueandattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology.In1914headvancedtothemostprestigiousandbest-pay
8、ingpostthatatheoreticalphysicistcouldholdincentralEurope,professorattheKaiser-WilhelmGesellschaftinBerlin.—Fromhttp://www.humboldt1.com
