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1、EconomyofBritain6/30/20211Thefirstcountrytostartindustrialrevolutioninthe18thcenturyTheUnitedKingdomisatradingnation.Amarketeconomy,capitalism6/30/20212TheUKisthefourthlargesteconomyintheworld,withagrossdomesticproduct(GDP)ofUS$1.93trillion.Ithasthesecondlargesteconomy
2、inEurope(afterGermany).Thecapital,London,isoneofthetwolargestfinancialcentresintheworld,alongwithNewYorkCity.6/30/20213TheBritisheconomyisoneofthestrongestinEurope;inflation,interestrates,andunemploymentremainlow.6/30/20214Thegovernmenthasbeenspeedinguptheimprovementof
3、education,transport,andhealthservices,atacostinhighertaxes.6/30/20215IndustriesThemainindustriesinBritaintodayarebankingandfinance,steel,transportequipment,oilandgas,andtourism.6/30/20216IndustriesOtherindustriesMachinetools,electricpowerequipment,automationequipment,r
4、ailroadequipment,shipbuilding,aircraft,motorvehiclesandparts,electronicsandcommunicationsequipment,metals,chemicals,coal,petroleum,paperandpaperproducts,foodprocessing,textiles,clothing,andotherconsumergoods.6/30/20217Farming(Agriculture)Products(0.5%ofGDP):cereals,oil
5、seed,potatoes,vegetables,cattle,sheep,poultry,fish.Agricultureisintensive,highlymechanized,andefficientbyEuropeanstandards,producingabout60%offoodneedswithonly1.4%ofthelabourforce.Thelowlandssupportsomefarmingsuchaswheat,potatoesandvegetables. Dairyandsheepfarmingareco
6、mmoninthehillypastures.6/30/20218EnergyTheUKhaslargecoal,naturalgas,andoilreserves;primaryenergyproductionaccountsfor10%ofGDP,oneofthehighestsharesofanyindustrialnation.6/30/20219Services,particularlybanking,insurance,andbusinessservices,accountbyfarforthelargestpropor
7、tionofGDPwhileindustrycontinuestodeclineinimportance.Services6/30/202110WorkorganizationsTheTradesUnionCongress(TUC)isavoluntaryassociationofthecountry’stradeunions.Therearemorethanahundredofthese,representingemployeesinalltypesofbusiness.6/30/202111WorkorganizationsCo
8、nfederationofBritishIndustry(CBI)representsemployersinprivateindustry.Mostemployersbelongtoitandsotheadvicewhichitgiv
