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1、BackgroundtoBritain“WhothefirstinhabitantsofBritainwere,whethernativesorimmigrants,remains obscure;onemustrememberwearedealing withbarbarians.” ---TacitusGodsavetheking,Ipray, Godblesstheking,Ipray, Godsavetheking. Sendhimvictorious, Happyandglorious SO
2、ONtoreignoverus, Godsavetheking. GodblesstheprinceofWales, thetrue-bornprinceofWales sentusbythee. Grantusonefavourmore Ourtruekingtorestore Asyouhavedonebefore Thefamily. Amen.英国国歌产生于十八世纪四十年代，原名《天佑国王》，1837～1901年维多利亚女王在位时和1952年伊丽莎白二世登基后改称《天佑女王》。这是一首歌颂统
3、治者的歌，第一段歌词有“常胜利，沐荣光，孚民望，心欢畅，治国家，王运长，天佑女王”的词句；第二段歌词有“破阴谋，灭奸党，把乱萌一扫光，让我们齐仰望：天佑女王”的词句。这些词句的形成，是有历史根源的。是上1545年，英国海军中就有“天佑国王”这个口令，回答这个口令的暗语是：“治国家，王运长”。这就是第一段歌词的来源。Nationalemblem国徽：即英王徽。中心图案为一枚盾徽，盾面上左上角和右下角为红地上三只金狮，象征英格兰；右上角为金地上半站立的红狮，象征苏格兰；左下角为蓝地上金黄色竖琴，象征爱尔兰
4、。盾徽两侧各由一只头戴王冠、代表英格兰的狮子和一只代表苏格兰的独角兽支扶着。盾徽周围用法文写着一句格言，意为“恶有恶报”；下端悬挂着嘉德勋章，饰带上写着“天有上帝，我有权利”。盾徽上端为镶有珠宝的金银色头盔、帝国王冠和头戴王冠的狮子。BigBenisthegreatbellintheClockTowerontheeasternendoftheHousesofParliament.ItwasnamedafterSirBenjaminHall,London’schiefcommissionerofwork
5、sin1858whenthebellwashung.Theclocksinthe98-m(320-ft)ClockTowerhavebeenkeepingtimesince1859.BigBen,LondonBigBennamedforSirBenjaminHall,theChiefCommissionerofWorksontheeasternendoftheHousesofParliamentItfirstrangoutin1859.ThamesthemostimportantriverinEngl
6、andfourheadstreams—theIsis,theChurn,theColne,andtheLeach338km(210mi)longTheTowerBridgespanstheThamesRiverfromtheTowerofLondontoSouthwarkonthesouthsideoftheThames.ItwastheonlymovablebridgecrossingtheThameswhenitwascompletedin1894.ThebridgewasdesignedbySi
7、rHoraceJonesandbuiltbySirJohnWolfeBarry.London’sTowerBridgeHydeParkRuralEnglandLondonfromtheAirEdinburghRisingaboveBigBen,ParliamentandWestminsterAbbeyTowerBridgeoneofthecity'sprincipallandmarkstwoGothic-styletowersandacentraldrawbridgeTowerofLondonloca
8、tedonthenorthernbankoftheThamesRiverItwasbuiltin1078.nearly7.2hectares(18acres).Itwasusedalternatelyasafortress,royalresidence,andstateprisoninitsearlyyears.BuckinghamPalaceofficialtownresidenceoftheBritishmonarchsince1837Itwasbu
