毕业论文外文翻译-物业管理

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1、沈阳航空航天大学毕业设计（外文翻译）PropertyManagementFunctionsPropertymanagementistheprocessofoverseeingtheoperationandmaintenanceofrealpropertytoachievetheobjectivesofthepropertyowner．Sometimesownersmanagetheirownproperty，particularlysmallpropertiesandparticularlywhentheythemselvesoccupypartoft

2、hespace．Butforlargerpropertiesorthosewhoseownersliveatadistance，managementisusuallyperformedbyapaidpropertymanager，eitheranindividualbuildingsonlong-termleases，wheretenantsmaintainthebuilding,paythetaxesandinsurance，andmailtheowneracheckeachmonth.Butmostresidential，office，retail

3、，andmanyindustrialpropertiesofferservicesalongwiththespaceovertime．Propertymanagementhaslongbeenanunderratedfunctionintherealestateindustry．Theneedforprofessionalmanagementdidnotbecomeapparentuntilthedepressionofthe1930s，whennumerousforeclosuresrevealedapatternofmanagementdefici

4、encies．Thisoversightmightseemstrange，sincerunningalargecommercialorresidentialprojectinwhichhundredsorthousandsofpeopleresideorworkisahighlychallengingtask，callingfortraining，goodjudgment，varietyoftechnicalskills．Traditionally，however，emphasisintherealestateindustryhasbeenonthes

5、opermanentelementsoftheinvestment-goodlocation，construction，andreasonablelong-termfinancing-thanontheday-to-dayoperationoftheproperty．Ithassometimesseemedasifapropertyowner，havingmadeaverylargeinvestmentinthepermanentstructure，assumedthatthepropertywouldrunitselfwithaminimumamou

6、ntofsupervision．Thisconceptofpropertymanagementhaschangedsubstantiallyinthepastdecade．Inaneraofrisingcosts，ithasdawnedonownersthatgoodpropertymanagementisthemajorcontrollableinfluenceonresidualcashflow（i.e.，thenumberofdollarsthatendupintheowner＇spocket）．Itistruethatbothrentrates

7、andoperatingexpensesarelargelyshapedbymarketforcesbeyondthecontrolofanyonepropertyowner（witnesstheverysharpriseinenergycostsinthe1970s）．Butitisalsotruethatcomparablepropertieswithinthesamegeographicareaoftenshowsignificantvariancesinrentalincomeandoperatingcosts．Why？Closeinspect

8、ionoftenshowsthat＂above-average＂operatingexpens