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1、ABridgeForAllCenturiesAnextremelylong-andrecordsetting-mainspanwasdesignedforthesecondbridgetoacrossthePanamaCanalinordertomeettheowner’srequirementthatnopiersbeplacedinthewater.Becausenodisruptionofcanaltrafficwaspermittedatanytime,thecable-stayedbridgeofcast-in-placecancretewascarefu
2、llyconstructedusingthebalanced-cantilevermethod.In1962,theBridgeofAmericas(PuentedelasAmerica)openedtotraffic,servingastheonlyfixedlinkacrossthePanamaCanal.Thebridgewasdesignedtocarry60,000vehiclesperdayonfourlanes,butithasbeenoperatingaboveitscapacityformanyyears.Toalleviatebottleneck
3、sontheroutethatthebridgecarriesoverthecanal-thePan-AmericanHighway(Inter-AmericanHighway)-andpromotegrowthonthewesternsideofPanama,thecountry’sMinistryofPublicWorks(MinisteriodeObrasPublicas,orMOP)decidedtobuildanewhighwaysystermlinkingthenorthernpartofPanamaCity,ontheeasternsideofthec
4、anal,tothetownofArraijan,locatedonthewesternsideofthecanal.TheCentennialBridge–namedtocommemorate100yearsofPanamanianindependence-hasnoebeenconstructedand,whenopend,willcarrysixlanesoftraffic.Thiscable-stayedbridgeofcast-in-placecancretefeaturesamainspanof420m,thelongestsuchspanforthis
5、typeofbridgeintheWesternHemisphere.In200theMOPinvitedinternationalbridgedesignfirmstocompeteforthedesignofthecrossing,requestingatwo-packageproposal:onetechinical,theotherfinancial.AtotalofeightproposalswerereceivedbyDecember2000fromestablishedbridgedesignfirmsallovertheworld.Aftershor
6、t-listingthreefirmsonthebasisofthetechnicalmeritsoftheirproposals,theMOPselectedT.Y.LinInternational,ofSanFrancisco,topreparethebridgedesignandprovidefieldconstructionsupportbasedonthefirm’sfinancialpackage.TheCentennialBridgedesigeprocesswasuniqueandaggressive,incorporatingconceptsfro
7、mthetraditionaldesign/build/bidmethod,thedesign/buildmethod,andthesa-calledfast-trackdesignprocess.Tocompletetheconstructionontime-thatis,withinjust27months-thedesignofthebridgewascarriedouttoalevelof30percentbeforeconstructionbiddingbegan,inDecember2001.Theselectedcontractor-theWies
