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1、中英文化差异对翻译的影响EffectsofCulturalDifferencesonTranslation1.IntroductionCultureisaconceptwhichhaswideandcomplicatedcontext,anditincludes“knowledge,belief,policy,art,law,ethics,customs,andabilitiesandhabitsformedbypeopleassocialmembers.”Languageisthetransitionofculture.EnglishandChinesea
2、rebasedontwodifferentcultures,andtheyimpressdifferentculturalcustomsandhistoricaltraditions.Translationisnotonlyanart,butalsoascience,sotranslationdoesnotmeantotransferonelanguagetoanother.Asthebridgeoftrans-culturalcommunication,fulfillinghuman’sculture,andemergingdifferentexpress
3、ionsindifferentcountries.Commonthingsinhumanexperiencesseemtoexpressthemselvesinsimilartermsinquiteunrelatedlanguages.Theexpressionsareusuallymetaphorical,andmaybeassimilaras“Strikewhiletheironishot,”whichappearsinChineseas“Whilehotstriketheiron.”Westerncultureisbasedonthings,makin
4、gnatureasitsstandard,theculturetendtodevelopitsexternaldisplay,soitlaysstressoncreatingthings,andmoreover,onthewayhowhumancreatesthings.InstrumentsusedinthisstudyinvolvedtwoEnglishlanguageproficiencytests.Therefore,duringtheprocessoftranslation,weshouldconsiderhowtogetoutofthesente
5、ncestructuresoftheformerarticle,usingdifferentformstoexpressthemeanings.2.DetailExamplesoftheEffectofSocialCustomsonTranslation2.1TheDifferencesofDailyLifeandSocialCustomsBloom(1976)间接引用。一般是对原文paraphrase或summarize，不需引号与页码。最后的句号应放在括弧之后。arguedthatteachers’roleistoprovidethestudentswi
6、thoptimalconditionswhichcanfacilitatelearningsothatstudentscanachievesimilarresults.Obviously,thesekindsofgreetingarenotsuitabletogreetpeoplefromEnglishcountries,astheymaythinkthatyouarepryingintotheirsecretsandprivatethings.Asimilarhistoricaleventmaygiverisetoequivalentexpressions
7、indifferentcountries.ThissortofanswersissuitableforChinesewhohavebeencultivatedbytheorientalculture,butifwetranslatethemliterallyintoEnglish,as“No,no,it’snotgoodenough”,thewesternersmayfeelunacceptableandevendissatisfied.So,thepropergreetingsusedinwesterncountriesare10“Howdoyoudo?”
8、,“Hello!”,“Goodmorning!”or
