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1、CultureComparisonsinTranslationI.IntroductionTherearevariouserrorsintranslation.Thetechnicalcharactercausessomeofthemistranslation.Forexample,“亿”istranslatedinto“million”,“cow”ismistakenfor“crow”or“rational”as“national”,orthewholesentenceeventhewhole
2、paragraphmaybeomitted.Someonecallstheabovemistranslationas“HardWound”.Myessayisaimedtodiscussanothermistranslation,whichiscalledthemistranslationofculturalcharacter.Thismistranslationiscausedbythediversityofculture.Thepurposeandcharacteristicsoftrans
3、lationaretoexchangeideasandculture.Translationpromotesunderstandingamongdifferentcountriesandnations.Intranslationtheprincipleof“seekingthecommongroundwhilereservingdifferences”1shouldbepracticed.Translationshouldreflectalienthingsinastrangelandthata
4、reexpressedintheoriginal.II.CultureandmistranslationA.CulturerelatedtothesocialsystemCourtesyexpressionsimmediatelyreflectthesocio-behavioralpatternsofaculture.Thenotionofcourtesyseemstobesomethinguniversal,butpeoplefromdifferentculturesmighthavediff
5、erentideasastowhatarecourtesyexpressionsandwhatarenot.Traditionally,e.g.aChinesemaygreetafriendoracquaintancebyasking“Haveyouhadyourmeal?”or“Whereareyougoing?”Awesterneronthesameoccasionwould,however,saysomethinglike“Hello!”,“Goodmorning!”,“Niceday,i
6、sn’tit?”,etc.Whenmeetingafriendwhohasjustarrivedafteralongjourney,theChinesewouldusuallysay,“Youmusthavehadatiringjourney.”TheWesternerwouldaskinstead,“Didyouhaveanicetrip?”or“Didyouenjoyyourtrip?”ThefactthatinChinese,manyconversationsstartwith“Howol
7、dareyou?”“Areyoumarried?”“What’syourjob?”“Howmuchdoyouearn?”maydisconcertaWesternreader,andmanycausetemporaryculturalshock.B.CulturerelatedtothelinguisticsystemCulturemaysometimesbetracedtothelinguistic,especiallysemanticstructuresofalanguage.Themost
8、typicalcaseisonewhereincomparablewordsindifferentlanguagesmaycarrystrikinglydifferentassociations.InChinese,forinstance,“vinegar”isoftenanothernameforjealousy,e.g.“吃醋”(“eatvinegar”—tobejealous).InEnglish,however,thewordisconnotativeofill-temperedspee
