Schema theory and reading comprehension 图式理论与英语阅读

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1、SchematheoryandreadingcomprehensionAbstractReadingisacknowledgedtobethemoststableanddurableabilityinsecondlanguagelearning.Intraditionalsense,readingissometimesviewedasapassiveskill.Incontemporaryapproachestoreading,meaningiscreatedthroughtheinteractionofreaderandtext.Readers'expectationsarebase

2、donreaders'priorknowledge.Backgroundknowledgethataidsintextcomprehensionhasrecentlybeenstudiedundertheschematheory.Schematheorydescribestheprocessbywhichreaderscombinetheirownbackgroundknowledgewiththeinformationinatexttocomprehendthattext.Thisisanimportantconceptinlanguageteaching.Ithasbeenused

3、asatheoreticalmodelinseveralimportantareasinlisteningandreadingresearch.Thisthesisattemptstoapplyschematheorytotheteachingofreadingcomprehensioninmiddleschool.Twotypesofschemamostoftendiscussedinreadingresearcharecontentschemataandformalschemata.Contentschemataaretheknowledgerelativetothecontent

4、domainofatext;formalschematarefertotheorganizationformsandrhetoricalstructuresofdifferenttypesoftexts.Swales(1990:87)believesthatwhenreadersarefamiliarwithcontentandform,thetextswillberelativelyaccessible.Inordertohelpstudentsunderstandbetter,schemamustbeactivatedandthisactivationrelatestotwobas

5、icmodelsofinformationprocessing,namelybottom-upprocessingandtop-downprocessing.Pre-readingtasksareoftendesignedtoactivateorbuildthestudents'schemata.Theteachercanusesometeachingmethodstoactivate-students'existingschemata.Tosumup,theteachershouldhaveadeepunderstandingthatstudents'schemataplayaver

6、yimportantroleinreadingcomprehension.Theteachercanusedifferentmethodstoactivatestudents'existingschemataorhelpstudentsbuildnewschemataaccordingtodifferentteachingsituationstoimprovetheirreadingcompetence.Keywordsschematheory；readingcomprehension；activation；construction；12图式理论与英语阅读摘要阅读能力在外语能力中被认为

7、是最稳定和最持久的，以传统观点看，阅读是一种被动技能。在现代阅读观中，理解被认为是读者和文章相互作用的结果。在读者这方而强调的是背景知识，而图式理论探讨的就是背景知识在文章理解中的作用。图式理论描述的是读者结合自己的背景知识和文章中的信息来理解文章的过程。作为一种理论模式，它己用于听力和阅读等重要研究领域。这篇论文具休将图式理论应用到中学阅读理解的教学实践中。在阅读研究中讨论得最多的两种图式结构是内容图式和形式图式，内容图式指的有关文章的内容范