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1、急性主动脉夹层63例急诊诊治分析尚云波孙海燕张留定李华(云南省第三人民医院急诊科650011)【摘要】目的探讨急性主动脉夹层(AAD)急诊诊断和治疗要点。方法分析总结2006年8月〜2012年8月AAD患者63例急诊临床资料,根据症状、体征、螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)和超声心动图(UCG)确立诊断,给予速效、短效药物控制血压、心率和镇痛、镇静、对症支持治疗,之后StandfordA型39例行外科急诊手术治疗,9例继续保守治疗,StandfordB型8例接受介入治疗,7例保守治疗。结果全部患者中男性62例(98.4%),女性1例(1.6%),伴有
2、高血压的患者共61例(96.8%),疼痛累及胸部的患者占全部患者的59例(93.6%),双侧肢体动脉搏动不对称、血压差〉20mmHg者54例(85.7%),全部患者通过CTA和UCG检查确诊,入院至确诊时间26±17.53min,A型48例(76.2%),B型15例(23.8%)。61例(96.8%)的患者平稳由急诊科转出,急诊科停留时间6.7±7.4h。A型外科急诊手术治疗者1月死亡率20.5%,保守治疗死亡率45.6%。B型患者1月死亡率为0%。结论对胸背痛伴有高血压且双侧肢体动脉搏动不对称的男性患者,应高度警惕
3、AAD;CTA是诊断AAD的首选影像学方法,可以为制定进一步的治疗提供帮助;恰当的保守治疗可以降低AAD患者的急诊死亡风险;A型首选外科急诊手术治疗,B型可以选择保守治疗。【关键词】急性主动脉夹层急诊诊断治疗【中图分类号】R54【文献标识码】A【文章编号】2095-1752(2013)04-0387-02TheAnalysisOfEmergencyDiagnosisAndTreatmentOf62AcuteAorticDissectionCasesSHANGYunbo,SUNHaiyan,ZHANGLiuding,LIHuaDepartment
4、ofEmergency,ThePeople,sThirdHospitalofYunnanProvince,Kunming650011,China【Abstract】ObjectiveToexplorethemainpointsoftheemergencydiagnosisandtreatmentofacuteaorticdissection.MethodAnalyzedandsummarizedtheemergencyclinicaldataof62patientswithacuteaorticdissectionfromAugust2006t
5、oAugust2012,basedonsymptoms,signs,andCTAandUCGtoestablishthediagnosis.Givequickandshort-actingdrugstocontrolbloodpressure,heartrate,andanalgesic,sedative,symptomaticandsupportivetreatment.Then,thetypeA39casesreceivedsurgicalemergencysurgery,other9casescontinuetoconservationt
6、reatment.TypeB8casesreceivedinterventionaltreatment,other7casesreceivedconservationtreatment.ResultsMalepatients62cases(98.4%),female1cases(1.6%),61cases(96.8%)withhypertension,chestpain59cases(93.6%),54cases(85.7%)witharterialpulseasymmetryandthedifferenceinbloodpressure>20
7、mmHgofbilaterallimbs,AllpatientconfirmedthediagnosisbyCTAandUCG,thetimefromadmissiontobeconfirmedwas26±17.53min,typeAwas48cases(76.2%),typeBwas15cases(23.8%).61casesweresmoothlytransferredfromtheemergencydepartment,theemergencydepartmentresidencetimewas6.7±7.4h
8、.MonthlymortalityoftypeApatientsreceivedsurgicalemergencysurgerywas20.5%,co