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1、新编研究生综合英语教程AdvancedEnglishforGraduateStudents: GeneralSkills&AcademicLiteracyUnitFour EconomyTextAOpportunityCostTextBEconomicOutlookShouldIgotoworktoday?ShouldIgotocollegeafterhighschool?Shouldthegovernmentspendmoneyonanewweaponsystem?Thesearedecisionsthataremadeeveryd
2、ay;but,whatisthecostofourdecisions?Whatisthecostofgoingtowork,ornotgoingtowork?Whatisthecostofcollege,ornotgoingtocollege?Finallywhatisthecostofbuyingthatweaponsystem,orthecostofnotbuyingthatweapon?Ineconomicsitiscalledopportunitycost.PrefaceOpportunitycostisthecostwepa
3、ywhenwegiveupsomethingtogetsomethingelse.Therecanbemanyalternativesthatwegiveuptogetsomethingelse,buttheopportunitycostofadecisionisthemostdesirablealternativewegiveuptogetwhatwewant.Let'slookatourexamplesfromabove.Ifyouhaveajob,whatdoyougiveuptogotowork?Therearemanypos
4、sibilities.Youcouldsleepin.Ifitisaniceday,youcouldtakeyourdogtotheparkandplayallday.Or,youcouldevenspendthedaylookingforabetterjob,right?Ifyouchoosetogotowork,yougiveupallofthesethings.Whatyougetfromworkingisagreaterbenefitthanthecostofgivingupthesethings.But,opportunit
5、ycostisthemostdesirablethinggivenup,nottheaggregateofthethingswehavegivenup.Suchnecessityarisesfromtheinadequacyoftraditionalindividualmentoringinhelpinglearnconventionsofscience.Oneaspectofresearchethicsconcernsresearchers'professionalspiritinthepursuitofultimatetruth,
6、thatistosay,goodsciencemustbeconductedthroughrigorous,systematicandreplicableprocedure.InTextB,TheNatureofInquiry,theauthorswillelaborateonhowscientificresearchdistinguishesitselffromcommon-senseknowing,howresearchersapproachrealitydifferently,andwhatphilosophicalassump
7、tionsunderpineachapproach.BackgroundInformationPre-readingQuestionsTextAOpportunityCostVocabularyExercisesTextAOpportunityCostContents1.Informationabouttheauthors2.Informationaboutopportunitycost3.ExamplesaboutopportunitycostBackgroundInformationTextExplanation&Translat
8、ionOrganizationoftheTextTextAOpportunityCostVocabularyCoreVocabularyListCoreVocabularyListThematicProgressionE
