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1、TheDiaphragmaticCruraandRetrocruralSpaceNormalImagingAppearance,Variants,andPathologicConditionsGuoXiaochao2010.7.22RadioGraphics2008;28:1289-1305Theretrocruralspace(RCS)isasmalltriangularregionwithinthemostinferiorposteriormediastinumborderedbythetwodiaphragmaticcru
2、ra.MultiplanarimagingmodalitiesallowevaluationoftheRCSaspartofroutineexaminations.Normalstructureswithintheretrocruralregionincludetheaorta,nerves,theazygosandhemiazygosveins,thecisternachyliwiththethoracicduct,fat,andlymphnodes.AnatomicConsiderationsDiaphragmandDiap
3、hragmaticCruraLymphNodes,CisternaChyli,andThoracicDuct52%atlymphangiography;1.7%atCT;15%–96%atMRAortaAzygosandHemiazygosVeinsParavertebralVenousPlexusvalvelessSympatheticTrunkandSplanchnicNervesCisternaChyli&ThoracicDuctParavertebralVenousPlexusCongenitaldiaphragmati
4、cherniaBochdalekhernia(95%)Morgagni'shernia(2%)PartialduplicationofthediaphragmDiscontinuityofthediaphragmCongenitalAnomaliesoftheIVCAnatomicVariantsandAnomaliesAbnormalitiesoftheCruraLymphadenopathyNeoplasmsForegutMalformationsVascularDisordersInfammatoryConditionsI
5、nfectionsOtherAbnormalitiesAbnormalitiesoftheRCSLymphadenopathy(6mm)NeoplasmsThesecanbecategorizedaccordingtotheircelloforiginintoneurogenic,mesenchymal,germcell,andlymphoidtumors.VascularDisordersInfammatoryConditionsRetroperitonealfbrosisSteroid-inducedretrocrurall
6、ipomatosisSpondylosisdeformansPancreaticpseudocystsInfectionsDiabetes,immunosuppression,intravenousdrugabuse,anemia,andurinarytractinfectionsConclusionsDespitethesmallareathatencompassestheRCS,thereisawidevarietyofpathologicconditionswithinthisregion,whichislocatedat
7、theposteriorconfnesoftheinferiorthoraxandupperabdomen.Anunderstandingoftheanatomy,thenormalvariants,andthemultiplepathologicconditionsaffectingthediaphragmaticcruraandretrocruralstructuresfacilitatesthediagnosisofdisease.
