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1、TheDiaphragmaticCruraandRetrocruralSpaceNormalImagingAppearance,Variants,andPathologicConditionsGuoXiaochao2010.7.22RadioGraphics2008;28:1289-1305Theretrocruralspace(RCS)isasmalltriangularregionwithinthemostinferiorposteriormediastinumborderedbythetwodiaphra
2、gmaticcrura.MultiplanarimagingmodalitiesallowevaluationoftheRCSaspartofroutineexaminations.Normalstructureswithintheretrocruralregionincludetheaorta,nerves,theazygosandhemiazygosveins,thecisternachyliwiththethoracicduct,fat,andlymphnodes.AnatomicConsideratio
3、nsDiaphragmandDiaphragmaticCruraLymphNodes,CisternaChyli,andThoracicDuct52%atlymphangiography;1.7%atCT;15%–96%atMRAortaAzygosandHemiazygosVeinsParavertebralVenousPlexusvalvelessSympatheticTrunkandSplanchnicNervesCisternaChyli&ThoracicDuctParavertebralVenousP
4、lexusCongenitaldiaphragmaticherniaBochdalekhernia(95%)Morgagni'shernia(2%)PartialduplicationofthediaphragmDiscontinuityofthediaphragmCongenitalAnomaliesoftheIVCAnatomicVariantsandAnomaliesAbnormalitiesoftheCruraLymphadenopathyNeoplasmsForegutMalformationsVas
5、cularDisordersInfammatoryConditionsInfectionsOtherAbnormalitiesAbnormalitiesoftheRCSLymphadenopathy(6mm)NeoplasmsThesecanbecategorizedaccordingtotheircelloforiginintoneurogenic,mesenchymal,germcell,andlymphoidtumors.VascularDisordersInfammatoryConditionsRetr
6、operitonealfbrosisSteroid-inducedretrocrurallipomatosisSpondylosisdeformansPancreaticpseudocystsInfectionsDiabetes,immunosuppression,intravenousdrugabuse,anemia,andurinarytractinfectionsConclusionsDespitethesmallareathatencompassestheRCS,thereisawidevarietyo
7、fpathologicconditionswithinthisregion,whichislocatedattheposteriorconfnesoftheinferiorthoraxandupperabdomen.Anunderstandingoftheanatomy,thenormalvariants,andthemultiplepathologicconditionsaffectingthediaphragmaticcruraandretrocruralstructuresfacilitatesthedi
8、agnosisofdisease.
