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页数:40页
时间:2018-10-18
《英汉委婉语对比研究(1)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ContrastiveStudyofEuphmismbetweenEnglishandChineseContents1.Definition2.Function3.Translationstrategies4.Similarities&DifferencesDefinition&Functions源于希腊语eu(good,soundingwell,好的,好听的)pheme(speechorsaying,话语或好话)Euphemism:goodspeechorcomfortablewords.Useofpleasant,mildorindirectwordsor
2、phrasesinplaceofmoreaccurateordirectones(用好听的话或令人愉快的方式表达)EtymologyEuphemismEuphemism:Itisthesubstitutionofanagreeableorinoffensiveexpressionforonethatmayoffendorsuggestsomethingunpleasant.(Webster’sNewCollegiateDictionary,1973)委婉语:用转弯抹角的说法来代替直截了当的话,把原来显得粗鲁或令人尴尬的语言温和、含蓄地表达出来“好听的话”或“讨
3、人喜欢的话”DefinitionFunctionsIneffableFunctionPoliteFunctionPalliativeFunctionEuphemismHumorousFunctionIneffableFuncion(避讳功能)Oneofthetermsthatseemtobealmostuniversallyavoidedisdeath.Thereforemanynationshavecreatedanumberofinoffensivesubstitutesfortheword"death"or"死"。英语1,topassaway2,tode
4、part3,toleaveus4,togotosleep5,togotoheaven6,one’shearthasstoppedbeating汉语1,羽化2,圆寂3,仙逝4,不在人们在交流时,在涉及某种不便表达的生理器官或生理行为的情况下如直言不讳地述说,往往会令人感觉不舒服,受话人也会认为对方没涵养,很粗俗。事实上,英语中有很多委婉的表达可以化解这种尴尬急冲冲跑出办公室,某小姐问声“急啥?”通常他不会说“尿尿”(tourinateordefecate)1,去洗手间(gotothebathroom)2,有事(dobusiness)3,方便(answernatu
5、re’scall)IneffableFuncion(避讳功能)PoliteFunction(礼貌功能)Euphemismsarealsousedwhenrefertophysicalshortcomingstoshowpoliteness.1,肥胖的(fat)plump,stout,out-sizeorover-weight2,对于一位身体清瘦的妇女称之为slender或slim3,相貌丑陋的(ugly)人说成homely或plain4,耳朵聋的(deaf)人说成hardoflistening5,盲人(theblind)叫做thevisuallychallen
6、ge教师,千万不能当着家长的面说他的孩子"笨"(stupid)1,“他学得慢”(aslowlearner)2,“他尚未发挥潜力”(under-achiever)PoliteFunction(礼貌功能)当人们谈到低层的服务性行业或职业时也往往采用委婉语从事这些职业的人engineer来代替worker1,pipeengineer实际上就是plumber管道工2,packingengineer是porter搬运工3,appearanceengineer是美容师现在服务性行业常用industry来代替trade1,thetouristindustry旅游业2,the
7、hotelindustry旅馆业3,thewoman’sbeautyindustry美容业PalliativeFunction(掩饰功能)一,英语里看不到穷国poornations,有的只是backwardnations(滞后国家)二,underdevelopednations(欠发达国家)developingnations(发展中国家)三,emergingnations(新兴国家)四,在西方,工人罢工goonstrike被说成industrialaction(工业行动),没有了一点“罢工”的痕迹。PalliativeFunction(掩饰功能)1、besen
8、tintoprison--liveat
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