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ID:21140184
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页数:21页
时间:2018-10-19
《急慢性扁桃体炎课件_2》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、扁桃体炎Tonsillitis定义:扁桃体作为咽淋巴环的重要结构,位于呼吸道和消化道的上端,最先接触自口鼻进入的病原,在机体抵抗力下降时容易受到病原体侵犯而发炎。主要包括急﹑慢性扁桃体炎。Definition:Tonsilistheimportantstructureofthepharyngeallymphaticcircle,locatedattheupperofrespiratorytractanddigestivetract,whichisfirstcontactwithpathogenfrommouth/nose.Thatiseasilyinvadingby
2、pathogen,thentakesplaceinflammation,includingacute/chronictonsillitis.解放军第89医院唐少松急性扁桃体炎Acutetonsillitis定义:腭扁桃体的急性非特异性炎症,常伴有急性咽炎,是一种咽部常见病,多发于儿童﹑青年,在季节更替,气温变化时容易发病。可分为卡他性﹑化脓性两型。Definition:Theacutenon-specialinflammationofPalatinetonsil,beinglinkedtopharyngitis.Thatisthecommondiseaseandmo
3、retakesplaceinchildren/youth,includingcatarrh/suppuratingtype.解放军第89医院唐少松病因Etiology感染主要致病菌为乙型容血性链球菌葡萄球菌肺炎双球菌腺病毒厌氧菌机体防御能力下降常见诱因受凉﹑劳累﹑潮湿﹑烟酒传染性飞沫或直接接触传染,通常呈散发性,偶有爆发流行InfectionThemaingermswasBstreptococccusStaphylococciPneumonia-diplococcusAdenoviruses/AnaerobesTheabilityofbodydefencewasde
4、scentCommonfactorcold/tired/wetness/smoking/drinkingInfectivitydroplet/directlycontacting解放军第89医院唐少松临床特征Clinicalfeature急性卡他性扁桃体炎:咽痛低热轻度全身症状:乏力﹑酸痛﹑精神差粘膜急性充血肿胀,扁桃体表面无渗出物血象:白细胞总数及中性白细胞升高AcutecatarrhaltonsillitisPharyngealpain/LowfeverLightlytotalsymptom:achingpain/inertiaAcutecongestionof
5、mucosa,havinglittleexudatesontonsilsurfaceBlood:TheamountofWBC/neutrophilwashigh.解放军第89医院唐少松临床特征Clinicalfeature急性化脓性扁桃体炎起病急,局部和全身症状较重咽痛剧烈,反射痛,吞咽困难畏寒﹑高热:幼儿可高热抽搐,呕吐﹑昏睡扁桃体肿大,周围充血,表面有脓点或假膜,假膜不超出扁桃体范围,易擦拭去,不出血下颌角淋巴结肿大﹑压痛血象:白细胞总数及中性白细胞升高ActuesuppurativetonsllitisRapidlyillness,havingmoresymp
6、tomsoftotal/localbody.Pharyngealpainintensity/flectingpain/disphagiaFeelingcool/highfever:tic/vomiting/lethargySwellingoftonsil/peri-tonsilhyperemia,havingpusandfalsemembraneontonsilsurface.swellingoflymphaticnodesiaangleofmandible,havingpressingpain.Blood:TheamountofWBC/neutrophilwash
7、igh.解放军第89医院唐少松急性化脓性扁桃体炎解放军第89医院唐少松急性化脓性扁桃体炎解放军第89医院唐少松诊断Diagnosis典型病史+咽部检查鉴别诊断:咽炎猩红热溃疡性咽炎Typicalhistory/pharyngealexaminationDifferentialdiagnosisPharyngitisScarletfeverUlcerativepharyngitis.解放军第89医院唐少松并发症Complication局部并发症:扁桃体周围脓肿急性中耳炎:儿童常见急性淋巴结炎咽旁脓肿:较少见全身并发症:(机体对链球菌所产生的Ⅲ型变态反应)风湿热急性
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