肿瘤分子生物学课件

《肿瘤分子生物学课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、肿瘤分子生物学ThemolecularbasisofcancerJingboXiong,Ph.D.Definitionofcancer---byclinicalworkers临床定义：是一类以生长不受控制、侵入周围组织并向身体其它部位转移为特征的疾病的总称；三个特征：生长不受控制；威胁生命难以治愈Definitionofcancer---bylaboratoryworkersCancerisadisorderthatoccursatacellularlevelCanceroccurswhengeneticalterationsresultintheunregulatedprol

2、iferationofcells；Cancer,tumor,neoplasmBenignTumortypicaloftissueoforiginSlowrateofgrowthSlowlyprogressive;NotfatalifuntreatedEncapsulatedgrowthNotissuedestructionRarerecurrencePoorprognosisonlyifunabletoremoveMalignantTumoratypicaloftissueoforiginSloworrapidrateofgrowthUsuallyprogressive;Fat

3、alifuntreatedGrowthbyinfiltrationormetastasisTissuedestructioniscommonRecurrenceiscommonFatalprognosisifuncontrolled转化细胞的特征decreasedgrowthfactorrequirementslossofcapacityforgrowtharrest-transformedcellswillcontinuetodivideevenwhennutrientsarelimited(immortalization)lossofdependenceonanchorag

4、eforgrowth-canformcolonieswhensuspendedassinglecellsinagarchangedcellmorphologylossofcontactinhibitionCauseofcancerEnvironmentalagentschemicalsradiationvirusesInheritedGeneticbasistumorisclonalexpansionofsingleprogenitorcellthathasgeneticdamageTargetsofgeneticdamageGrowthpromotingproto-oncog

5、enesmutantallelesareconsidereddominanttransformcellsdespitenormalcounterpartonlyneedonemutantalleletodevelopcancerGrowthinhibitingcancersuppressorgenes—anti-oncogenesalsoknownasrecessiveoncogenesbothnormalallelesmustbedamagedtodevelopcancerGenesthatregulateapoptosismaybedominantorrecessiveGe

6、nesthatregulaterepairofdamagedDNAcellisnotabletorepairnon-lethaldamagetoDNAex.XPSignaltransducerCellcycleregulatorOncogeneandtumorsuppressorgeneOncogene:alsocalledcancer-promotinggenesortransforminggenes.Agenethatnormallydirectscellgrowth.Ifaltered,anoncogenecanpromoteorallowtheuncontrolledg

7、rowthofcancer.Alterationscanbeinheritedorcausedbyanenvironmentalexposuretocarcinogens.tumorsuppressorgene:Genesthatnormallyrestraincellgrowthbut,whenmissingorinactivatedbymutation,allowcellstogrowuncontrolled.OncogenesviraloncogeneAgeneintheviralge