抗生素英文课件精品systemspharmacology chemotherapy of

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1、SYSTEMSPHARMACOLOGYChemotherapyofInfection:PartIDrDhayaPerumalLondonMetropolitanUniversityDept.Health&HumanSciencesTowerBuilding:RoomT13-10Telephone:02071334195d.perumal@londonmet.ac.uk1Pathogenic(Infectious)OrganismsArethoseorganismsthatcausediseasesinhumanbeings/animalsT

2、ypesofpathogenicorganisms:1.MicrobesBacteria,fungiandviruses2.ParasitesProtozoaandhelminthes(worms)2ChemotherapeuticagentsArenaturallyoccurringorchemicallysynthesizedsubstancesintendedtobetoxicforthepathogenicorganismsbutinnocuoustothehostAim-Totreatacute,severe,persistent

3、orprogressiveinfectiousdisease3FactorscontributingtomicrobialthreatstohealthMicrobialadaptationandchangeHumansusceptibilitytoinfectionClimateandweatherChangingecosystemHumandemographicsandbehaviourEconomicdevelopmentandlanduseInternationaltravelandcommerce4Factorscontribut

4、ingtomicrobialthreatstohealth(Contd.)TechnologyandIndustryBreakdownofPublicHealthMeasuresPovertyandSocialInequalityWarandfamineLackofPoliticalwillIntenttoharm(e.g.weaponsofmassdestruction)5ClassicDefinition:Antibiotic(fromGreek,anti–against,bios–life)Anaturalsubstance,orde

5、rivativeofanaturalsubstance,whichwhentakeninsmalldoseswilleitherkillorpreventthegrowthofamicroorganism,butwillnotseriouslyharmthepersontakingit6Antibiotic-producingmicroorganismsPenicilliumandCephalosporiumBeta-lactamantibiotics:penicillinandcephalosporinActinomycetes,Stre

6、ptomycesspeciesTetracyclinesAminoglycosidesMacrolidesChloramphenicolBacillusspeciesPolypeptideantibiotics:polymyxinandbacitracin7Definition(Modified):Antibiotics/Antibacterials/AntimicrobialsAnychemicalcompoundusedtokillorinhibitthegrowthofinfectiousorganisms,particularlyb

7、acteriaandfungiAllantibioticssharethepropertyofselectivetoxicity:theyaremoretoxictoaninvadingmicroorganismthantotheanimal/humanhost8ChoiceofsuitabledrugTwoconsiderations:1.Patient-historyofallergy-renal/hepaticfunction-susceptibiltytoinfection-abilitytotoleratebymouth-seve

8、rityofillness-ethnicorigin-age-othermedication-pregnancy,breast-feeding,OCuse9Choiceofsui