胰岛素及口服降糖药21279ppt课件

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1、目的掌握胰岛素和口服降糖药的作用原理。临床应用和应用注意，熟悉葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的作用特点。内容复习胰岛素的生化，促进肝糖元生成和糖酵解，调节机体糖的代谢。胰岛素缺乏引起糖尿病，胰岛素用于糖尿病只是补充治疗。胰岛素治疗糖尿病的剂量原则。常用之制剂分短效（如普通胰岛素）。中效（如低精蛋白锌胰岛素）。长效（如精蛋白锌胰岛素）的原理和选用原则。不良反应和应用注意。口服降血糖药有两类：磺酰脲类有甲苯磺丁脲，氯磺丙脲和格列苯脲（优降糖）。能刺激胰岛细胞释放胰岛素，只对胰腺功能未完全丧失的患者有效。双胍类于胰腺功能完

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