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1、PSYCHOLOGISMFormostofthiscentury,Westernphilosophyhasbeenresolutelyantinaturalist,anduntilrecentlythesharpdistinctionbetweentheempiricalsciencesandphilosophyseemedalmostself-evident:thequestionsofwhytheyshouldbeseparate,andofhowtheycametobeseparate,wereneverasked.Theseques
2、tionsareattheheartofMartinKusch’sgroundbreakingstudy.AntinaturalismrosetodominanceinthedebateonpsychologismamongGermanacademicphilosophersattheturnofthecentury.Psychologism,accordingtoreceivedopinion,wasdecisivelyrefutedbyFregeandHusserl.Kuschthereforeexaminestheirargument
3、sand,crucially,relatesthemtothecontextthatshapedthatdebateandgavethoseargumentstheirpersuasiveforce.Drawingonperspectivespioneeredbythesociologyofscientificknowledge,hereconstructsthedynamicsofthepsychologismdebate;heuncoversitscausesandweighsthefactorsthatdetermineditsout
4、come.Whatemergesisthefascinatingpictureofastruggle,between‘pure’philosophyandthenewlyemergingexperimentalpsychology,foracademicstatus,socialinfluenceandinstitutionalpower.Thetriumphofantinaturalism,farfrombeingtheonlylogicalconclusion,wasdependentonhistoricalcontingency.In
5、troducingformsofanalysisnewtothehistoryofphilosophy,Psychologismwillmakefascinatingreadingforlecturersandstudentsofphilosophy,psychology,sociologyandcognitivescience;itwillalsostimulatereneweddebateontheprospectsofantinaturalismatthecloseofthiscentury.MartinKuschisLecturer
6、attheScienceStudiesUnitoftheUniversityofEdinburgh.HeistheauthorofLanguageasCalculusvs.LanguageasUniversalMedium(1989),andFoucault’sStrataandFields(1991).PHILOSOPHICALISSUESINSCIENCEEditedbyW.H.Newton-SmithBalliolCollege,OxfordTHERATIONALANDTHESOCIALJamesRobertBrownTHENATUR
7、EOFDISEASELawrieReznekTHEPHILOSOPHICALDEFENCEOFPSYCHIATRYLawrieReznek*INFERENCETOTHEBESTEXPLANATIONPeterLipton*TIME,SPACEANDPHILOSOPHYChristopherRayMATHEMATICSANDTHEIMAGEOFREASONMaryTilesMETAPHYSICSOFCONSCIOUSNESSWilliamSeager*THELABORATORYOFTHEMINDJamesRobertBrown*COLOURV
8、ISIONEvanThompson*AlsoavailableinpaperbackPSYCHOLOGISMAcasestudyinthesociologyofphilosoph
