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1、PoliovirusNervoussystem:Polioisavirusthatinfectsthenervoussystemofhumans(only)Paralysis:ItcancausetemporaryorpermanentparalysisordeathVaccine:ThereisavaccineforpolioEradicate:TheWorldHealthOrganizationplanstoeradicatepoliointhenextdecadeContinue:Poliooutbreakscontinuetooccurinareasinwhichmanyarenot
2、vaccinatedSincevaccinehasbecomewidespreadintheUnitedStates,casesofpolioarerare.However,polioremainsaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld.肠道病毒Poliovirusinfectshumancellsbybindingtoanimmunoglobulin-likereceptor,CD155,(alsoknownasthepoliovirusreceptor(PVR)onthecellsurfacePoliovirusisapositivestrandedRNAvirus.
3、ThusthegenomeenclosedwithintheviralparticlecanbeusedasmessengerRNAandimmediatelytranslatedbythehostcell.Poliovirususestwokeymechanismstoevadetheimmunesystem.First,itiscapableofsurvivingthehighlyacidicconditionsofthegastrointestinaltract,allowingthevirustoinfectthehostandspreadthroughoutthebodyviath
4、elymphaticsystem.Second,becauseitcanreplicateveryquickly,thevirusoverwhelmsthehostorgansbeforeanimmuneresponsecanbemounted.[5]Immunesystemavoidance学习要求掌握1、脊髓灰质炎病毒的致病性2、特异性预防（剂型）自学柯萨奇病毒3、熟悉脊髓灰质炎病毒抵抗力、感染类型自学埃可病毒poliovirus3-DimageofpoliovirusVP1VP2VP35-foldAxis3-foldAxis2-foldAxisFordecades,noonekneww
5、hatpolioviruslookedlike,sincevirusescannotbeseenunderamicroscope.In1985,ateamledbyJamesHogleofHarvardMedicalSchoolobtainedhigh-resolution,3Dimagesofpoliovirus,andtoday,thenewlyformedChildren'sHospitalBoston--HarvardMedicalSchoolstructuralbiologyunitisheirtotheEnderstradition.LedbyStephenHarrison,th
6、isgroupisusingavarietyofsophisticatedtoolslikeX-raycrystallographyandmolecularelectronmicroscopytoobtaindetailed,dynamic,3Dviews--accuratedowntotheatom--ofhowvirusesmove,transferinformationandreconfigurethemselvestoattacktheirvictims.Theseimagesaresheddinglightonmanyoftoday'sviralscourges,suchasHIV
7、,dengueandrotavirus,andprovidingnewleadsfortreatmentandvaccinedevelopment.PoliovirusAnancientEgyptianstele,portrayingaprincewithawitheredleg-probablypolio. ©WHO/GPEIResearchersGlimpsePolioVirusasitEntersHos
