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1、WHATISLIFE?numeroussectionswereoriginallyintendedtobeERWINSCHRODINGERmarginalsummaries,andthetextofeveryFirstpublished1944chaptershouldbereadincontinuo.E.S.DublinSeptember1944Whatislife?ThePhysicalAspectoftheLivingCell.HomolibernulladereminusquamdemorteB
2、asedonlecturesdeliveredundertheauspicesofcogitat;etejussapientianonmortissedvitaetheDublinInstituteforAdvancedStudiesatmeditatioest.SPINOZA'SEthics,PtIV,Prop.TrinityCollege,Dublin,inFebruary1943.67TothememoryofMyParents(Thereisnothingoverwhichafreemanpon
3、dersPrefacelessthandeath;hiswisdomis,tomeditatenotonAscientistissupposedtohaveacompleteanddeathbutonlife.)thoroughIofknowledge,atfirsthand,ofsomesubjectsand,therefore,isusuallyexpectednottoCHAPTER1writeonanytopicofwhichheisnotalife,TheClassicalPhysicist'
4、sApproachtotheSubjectmaster.Thisisregardedasamatterofnoblesseoblige.ForthepresentpurposeIbegtorenounceThislittlebookarosefromacourseofpublicthenoblesse,ifany,andtobethefreedofthelectures,deliveredbyatheoreticalphysicisttoanensuingobligation.Myexcuseisasf
5、ollows:Weaudienceofaboutfourhundredwhichdidnothaveinheritedfromourforefathersthekeensubstantiallydwindle,thoughwarnedatthelongingforunified,all-embracingknowledge.outsetthatthesubject-matterwasadifficultoneTheverynamegiventothehighestinstitutionsandthatt
6、helecturescouldnotbetermedpopular,oflearningremindsus,thatfromantiquitytoandeventhoughthephysicist’smostdreadedthroughoutmanycenturiestheuniversalaspectweapon,mathematicaldeduction,wouldhardlyhasbeentheonlyonetobegivenfullcredit.Butbeutilized.Thereasonfo
7、rthiswasnotthatthethespread,bothinandwidthanddepth,ofthesubjectwassimpleenoughtobeexplainedmultifariousbranchesofknowledgebyduringwithoutmathematics,butratherthatitwasmuchthelasthundredoddyearshasconfrontedustooinvolvedtobefullyaccessibletowithaqueerdile
8、mma.Wefeelclearlythatwemathematics.Anotherfeaturewhichatleastareonlynowbeginningtoacquirereliableinducedasemblanceofpopularitywasthematerialforweldingtogetherthesumtotalofalllecturer'sintentiontomakeclearthefundamentalthat
