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1、WHATISLIFE?numeroussectionswereoriginallyintendedtobeERWINSCHRODINGERmarginalsummaries,andthetextofeveryFirstpublished1944chaptershouldbereadincontinuo.E.S.DublinSeptember1944Whatislife?ThePhysicalAspectoftheLivingCell.HomolibernulladereminusquamdemorteBasedonlectur
2、esdeliveredundertheauspicesofcogitat;etejussapientianonmortissedvitaetheDublinInstituteforAdvancedStudiesatmeditatioest.SPINOZA'SEthics,PtIV,Prop.TrinityCollege,Dublin,inFebruary1943.67TothememoryofMyParents(ThereisnothingoverwhichafreemanpondersPrefacelessthandeath
3、;hiswisdomis,tomeditatenotonAscientistissupposedtohaveacompleteanddeathbutonlife.)thoroughIofknowledge,atfirsthand,ofsomesubjectsand,therefore,isusuallyexpectednottoCHAPTER1writeonanytopicofwhichheisnotalife,TheClassicalPhysicist'sApproachtotheSubjectmaster.Thisisre
4、gardedasamatterofnoblesseoblige.ForthepresentpurposeIbegtorenounceThislittlebookarosefromacourseofpublicthenoblesse,ifany,andtobethefreedofthelectures,deliveredbyatheoreticalphysicisttoanensuingobligation.Myexcuseisasfollows:Weaudienceofaboutfourhundredwhichdidnotha
5、veinheritedfromourforefathersthekeensubstantiallydwindle,thoughwarnedatthelongingforunified,all-embracingknowledge.outsetthatthesubject-matterwasadifficultoneTheverynamegiventothehighestinstitutionsandthatthelecturescouldnotbetermedpopular,oflearningremindsus,thatfr
6、omantiquitytoandeventhoughthephysicist’smostdreadedthroughoutmanycenturiestheuniversalaspectweapon,mathematicaldeduction,wouldhardlyhasbeentheonlyonetobegivenfullcredit.Butbeutilized.Thereasonforthiswasnotthatthethespread,bothinandwidthanddepth,ofthesubjectwassimple
7、enoughtobeexplainedmultifariousbranchesofknowledgebyduringwithoutmathematics,butratherthatitwasmuchthelasthundredoddyearshasconfrontedustooinvolvedtobefullyaccessibletowithaqueerdilemma.Wefeelclearlythatwemathematics.Anotherfeaturewhichatleastareonlynowbeginningtoac
8、quirereliableinducedasemblanceofpopularitywasthematerialforweldingtogetherthesumtotalofalllecturer'sintentiontomakeclearthefundamentalthat
