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ID:17496356
大小:220.00 KB
页数:20页
时间:2018-09-02
《教师职业倦怠的研究状况 毕业论文外文翻译》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、Chapter1ConceptsandResearchStatus1.1DefinitionofJob-BurnoutEversinceFreudenbergerputforwardtheconcept"burnout",ithasbeenusedspecificallyonthejob-burnoutphenomenaofpeopleinvolvedinpeople-helpingoccupation.Job-burnoutisnowdividedintothreesections:EmotionalExhaustionDepersonalizationandEfficacy.Suchdi
2、visionisfollowedbymostresearchers.1.1.1TheStaticDefinitionofJob-BurnoutSomeresearchersstudyjob-burnoutfromastaticviewpoint.Forexample,Farber6holdsthatjob-burnoutoriginatesfromtheindividual'srecognitionoftheseriousimbalancebetweenhiseffortsandgains.Brillthinksthatthecharacteristicsofjobburnoutcanbev
3、iewedfromtwoangles.Ontheonehand,theindividualhasexperiencedgoodjobachievementandhigheremotionallevelinthesamejobcontext;ontheotherhand,withoutoutsidehelporchangesintheenvironment,itmaybeverydifficultfortheindividualtoreturntotheoriginalstate.1.1.2TheDynamicDefinitionofJob-BurnoutOtherresearcherster
4、mjob-burnoutasadynamicprocess.Forexample,Chernissthinksthatjobburnoutcanbedividedintothreestages.Thefirststageisstress.Theindividualisfacedwithlong-termexcessiveemotionaldemandfromtheirtargetofservice,whichbringsimbalancebetweentheindividual'seffectiveresourcesandhisjobdemand.Thesecondstageisfatigu
5、e.Theindividualhasshort-termemotionalanxiety,fatigueandsenseofburnout.Thethirdstageiscalled"DefensiveCoping",whichinvolvesseriesofchangesinbehaviorandconduct.Theindividualstarttoputhisneedsinfrontofeverythingelseandtreatitstargetofserviceinanalienatedandmechanicalwaysoastodetachotherpeopleandreduce
6、emotionalinput.Atlast,theindividualdiscoversthegreatdisparitybetweenhisactualjobstateandhisexpectation,whichmayleadtoconsiderabledeclineinjobsatisfaction1.1.3GeneralDefinitionofJobBurnoutMaslachandJackson'sdefinitionofjob-burnoutisthemostoft-quotedinnumerousresearchliteratures.Herejobburnoutisdefin
7、edas"theindividual'ssymptomsofemotionalexhaustion,depersonalizationandefficacyinoccupationalareaswithpeopleastheservicetarget."Emotionalexhaustionreferstotheindividual'sexcessiveconsumptioninemotionalresour
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