implications of correlations between skin color and genetic ancestry for biomedical research

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1、PERSPECTIVEImplicationsofcorrelationsbetweenskincolorandgeneticancestryforbiomedicalresearchEJParra1,RAKittles2&MDShriver3Skinpigmentationisacentralelementofmostdiscussionsonamongpopulationsisimportant.ToalargeextentintheUS,skinpig-‘race’andgenetics.Researchonthegeneticbasisofpopul

2、ationmentationisaproxyfor‘race’,onthebasisofwhichracismhasbeenvariationinthisphenotype,whichisimportantinmediatingbothmanifested.Skincolorcanaffectthelevelofdiscriminationapersonsocialexperiencesandenvironmentalexposures,issparse.Weexperiencesorthequalityofmedicalcareheorshereceive

3、s.Differencesstudiedtherelationshipbetweenpigmentationandancestryininskincoloramongpopulationsarecommonly(andincorrectly)http://www.nature.com/naturegeneticsfivepopulationsofmixedancestrywithawiderangeofunderstoodasanindicationofdeeperbiologicaldifferencesamongpigmentationandancest

4、ralproportions(AfricanAmericansfrompopulations.Pigmentationgenesareunlikethebulkofthegeneticvari-Washington,DC;AfricanCaribbeanslivinginEngland;Puertoationamongpopulationsandcan,andshould,beusedtohelpeducateRicansfromNewYork;MexicansfromGuerrero;andHispanicsthegeneralpublicaboutthe

5、distributionofgeneticvariationacrossthefromSanLuisValley).Thestrengthoftherelationshipbetweenpopulationsoftheworldandthelackofmeaningof‘race’asasystemofskincolorandancestrywasquitevariable,withthecorrelationsbiologicalclassification.Skinpigmentationisalsoofinterestfromtherangingini

6、ntensityfrommoderatelystrong(PuertoRico,r=biologicalpointofview.Melaninhasakeyphysiologicalrole,mediat-0.633)toweak(Mexico,r=0.212).Theseresultsdemonstrateingtheamountofultraviolet(UV)radiationreachingthedermalcapil-theutilityofancestry-informativegeneticmarkersandadmixturelariesan

7、dthereforeinfluencingtherateofUV-inducedphotolysisandmethodsandemphasizetheneedtobecautiouswhenusingphotoactivationofcompoundsthatfunctioninmanyphysiologicalpigmentationasaproxyofancestryorwhenextrapolatingthepathways.Finally,skinpigmentationisusefulasamodelphenotypeforresultsfromo

8、neadmixedpopulationtoanoth