小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察

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1、小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察【摘要】目的探讨米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床效果、最低有效剂量及对月经的影响、副反应及可接受性。方法采用避孕失败或未保护性生活120h内要求紧急避孕的243例妇女随机分2组，研究组143例，对照组100例，分别单次口服米非司酮10mg和25mg，服药后嘱两组对象按期随访。以月经来潮为成功标准，观察其避孕效果、副反应、对月经的影响及药物可接受性情况。结果采用DiXon方法计算，两组对象各有2例妊娠，均明显低于预期妊娠，其避孕有效率分别为84.40%和81.55%，组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05)。两组副反应轻、无任何不良反应发生；对月经周期、经期与

2、经量影响较小；经间期出血的发生率对照组明显高于研究组(15.38%、4.2%)，其发生与服药的时间有关，组间差异有极显著性﹙P＜0.01﹚。对月经的影响，研究组更优于对照组。结论米非司酮10mg是用于紧急避孕的简便、安全、有效的方法，值得临床推广。【关键词】米非司酮；紧急避孕；月经周期【Abstract】ObjectiveToobservetheeffectsof13mifepristoneonpostcoitalcontraceptionandfindouttheminimumeffectivedose，theeffectonmenstrualcycle，sideeffects

3、andthetreatmentacceptability.MethodsAtotalof243casesofclinicalcontraceptionfailureorunprotectedsexualintercoursewithin120hourswhichdemandedpostcoitalcontraceptionwereonlytreatedwithdifferentdoseoforalmifepristonewhichwasdividedintotwogroupsaccordingtomifepristonedosageprotocol:thetreatmentgro

4、upof10mgMifepristoneandthecontrolgroupof25mg.Aftertreatment，twogroupswereflowedupuntilnextmenstruationortobediagnosedaspregnancy，themenstruationafterwardsthetreatmentwasconsideredasthecriterionofsuccessfulcontraception.Thecontraceptiveeffects，sideeffects，affectiononmenstruationandthetreatment

5、acceptabilitywerecomparedbetweentwogroups.ResultsDiXonmethodwasusedinobservation.Thereweretwocasesofpregnancyofeachgroupandbothwerelowerthanexpectancy,theeffectiverateofcontraceptionwas84.4%ofthetreatmentgroupand81.55%ofthecontrolgroup.Therewasnosignificantdifferencebetweenthem(P＞0.05).Thesid

6、eeffectandtheaffectiononmenstruationwasslightintwogroups.Bleedingbetweentwomenstruationsofthecontrolgroup(15.38%)washigherthanthetreatmentgroup(4.2%)13whichrelatedtothetimeoftakingmedicine.Thetreatmentgroupwassignificantlydifferentfromthecontrolgroup(P＜0.01).Conclusion10mgoralmifepristoneisan

7、easy，safe，andeffectivemethodforpostcoiltalcontraception.Itworthytopopularizinginclinicalpractice.【Keywords】mifepristone；postcoiltalcontraception；menstrualcycle米非司酮作为孕酮受体拮抗剂，已广泛用于抗早孕，其效果已为临床实践所证实。口服药物紧急避孕是一种新的避孕方法，主要通过服用紧急避孕药达到预防妊娠的目的。随着对研究紧急避