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1、国外文学名家1（Foreignliterarymasters1）GoetheGerd(1749,1832)Germanpoet.1749wasborninFrankfurtonthe28day.Hisfatherisadoctoroflaw,theSenatereceivedtheroyaltitle,themotheristhedaughterofpresidentofthecitycouncil.In1765,hewenttoUniversityofLeipzigtostudylawanddroppedoutofschoolin1768.I
2、n1770,hecontinuedtostudyinUniversityofStrasbourg,andreceivedhisdoctorateinlawthefollowingyear.Hewroteadrama"ironhandKnightGtzvonburyHinroot"in1773,thefamousGermanliterature.In1774,hepublished"thesorrowsofyoungman",whichmadehimfamous.Faustisagreatworkthathasconsumedhiswholeli
3、fe.InMarch22,1832,GerddiedinWeimar.VoynichVoynich(1864-1960)aBritishwriter.FatherGeorgePulwasafamousmathematician.VoynichearlyschoolinItaly.In1885,shegraduatedfromBerlinCollegeofmusicinGermany,hadspenttwoyearsinRussia,theSt.PetersburgrevolutionarygroupofRussianpopulistspubli
4、cpartycontactthere,andactivelyparticipateintheiractivities.SheriskedherlifetovisitrevolutionarieswhowereimprisonedintheTsarandsentpropagandabetweenRussiaandbritain.Theseworkshaveaccumulatedagreatdealoffirst-handinformationforherlaterliterarycreation.WhenshereturnedtoEngland,
5、shemetMiLeoVoynich,aPolandrevolutionarywhoescapedfromtheexileoftheCzarandmarriedhimin1892.Duringthistime,shealsorecognizedfamousfiguressuchasEngels,HerzenandPlekhanov.InadditiontokeepingintouchwiththeDemocrats,shecontactedalargenumberofItalypartisansthroughherhusband'srelati
6、onship.Outofadmirationforthededicationoftheserevolutionaries,shedecidedtowriteabookthatreflectedtheirstrugglelife."TheGadfly"published1897.Later,shealsowroteasimilarthemeofthenovel"Gadflyinexile",buttheideologicalcontentandartisticachievementswere"gadfly"inferior.Shelatermov
7、edtotheUnitedStates,tomusic,diedinthelonelylifeinseclusion.HemingwayErnestHemingway(1899-1961),afamousAmericannovelist.Borninadoctor'sfamily.FirstWorldWar,whenhewastheRedCrossambulancedriver,injuredatthefrontlineinItaly.AsajournalistfromTorontodailydaily,hewenttoFranceandbeg
8、antopublishhisworksinnewspapersandperiodicals.Thefirstcollectionofshortstor
