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1、fourcuisinesShandongcuisineShandongcuisinearelightlyflavouredandrichbutnotgreasy.Specialcareistakentomakethemfragrant,crispandtender.AndmuchofShandongcuisine'shistoryisasoldasConfucioushimself,makingittheoldestexistingmajorcuisineinChina.Itisthechiefofeightcuisines.Characteristics:Sha
2、llot(葱)andgarlic(蒜)areusuallyusedasseasoningssoShangdongdishestastespungentusually.SoupsaregivenmuchemphasisinShangdongdishes.Thinsoup(清汤)featuresclearandfreshwhilecreamysoup(奶汤)looksthickandtastesstrong.Itisadeptatdeep-frying,grilling,fryingandstir-fryingwhileJiaodongdivisionisfamous
3、forcookingseafoodwithfreshandlighttaste.海米珍珠笋(孔府菜)原料﹕珍珠笋,水发海米糖醋黄河鲤鱼菜品特点:色泽深红,外脆里嫩,香味扑鼻,酸甜可口。糟溜鱼片,用牙片鱼制作,色洁白,鲜嫩,糟香润滑奶汤蒲菜鲁菜,素有“北方代表菜”之称。春秋战国时,鲁地就以治馔著名,历经汉唐,成为“北菜”主角。宋代所谓“北食”,主要即指鲁菜。元明清是还是宫廷御膳支柱。现代御膳仍多有鲁菜特色。主要由济南和胶东地方菜组成。济南菜以爆、烧、炒、炸见长,菜品以清、鲜、脆、嫩著称,讲究清汤和奶汤的调剂。胶东菜擅长爆、炸、扒、蒸,口味以鲜为主,偏重清淡。其名菜有
4、九转大肠、糖醋黄河鲤鱼、德州扒鸡、油焖鱼、清氽赤鳞鱼、煎白条鱼饼、韭青炒海肠子、福山烧小鸡、烤小雏鸡等。在山东下层百姓中,人们爱吃煎饼和玉米饼子,卷葱抹酱,或以蒜泥拌生菜,别有风味。山东大葱蘸酱的吃法后来也被上层社会和宫廷所接受。无论富贵贫贱之家,每饭必具葱蒜,具有典型的山东特色。FujianCuisineFujiancuisinecomprisesthreebranches--Fuzhou,SouthFujianandWestFujian.Thereareslightdifferencesamongthem.AsFujianpeopleemigrateovers
5、eas,theircuisinebecomepopularinTaiwanandabroad.Generallyspeaking,Fujiandishesareslightlysweetandsour,andlesssalty.Fuzhoudishes,quitepopularineastern,centralandnorthernFujianProvince,aremorefresh,delicious,andlesssalty,sweet,andsour.煎糟鳗鱼荔枝肉佛跳墙SouthFujiandishes,popularinXiamen,Quanzhou,
6、ZhangzhouandthegoldentriangleofSouthFujian,aresweetandhotandusehotsauces,custard,andorangejuiceasflavorings.金门姜母鸭沙茶鸡丁苦螺汤WestFujiandishesaresaltyandhot,prevailinginHakkaregionwithstronglocalflavor.爆炒地猴福建菜,选料精细,刀工严谨;讲究火候,注重调汤;喜用佐料,口味多变。福建菜显示了四大鲜明特征:一为刀工巧妙,寓趣于味,素有剞花如荔,切丝如发,片薄如纸的美誉;二为汤菜众多
7、,变化无穷,素有“一汤十变”之说。如用牛肉、鸡肉、火腿制成三茸汤后,根据菜肴烹制的需要,再选择干贝、鱿鱼、红糟、京冬菜、梅干菜、龙井茶叶或夜来花香等辅料中的一种料汁,掺进三茸汤,使汤的味道起了变化,给人以汤醇、料香、味新之感。三为调味奇特,别是一方。闽菜的调味,偏于甜、酸、淡,这一特征的形成,与烹调原料多取自山珍海味有关。善用糖甜去腥膻;巧用醋酸甜可口;味清淡,则可保持原汁原味,并且以甜而不腻,酸而不峻,淡而不薄享有盛名。闽菜还善用红糟、虾油、沙茶、辣椒酱等调味,风格独特,别开生面。四为烹调细腻,雅致大方,以炒、蒸、煨技术最为突出。食用器皿别具一格,多采用小巧玲珑
8、、古朴大方