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1、硅及其化合物（Siliconanditscompounds）[lesson]carbongroupelements[requirements]1.Understandthesimilarityanddegenerationofthepropertiesofcarbonelementsandthepropertiesofcarbonelementalanditscompounds3.Masterthemainpropertiesofsiliconsingleandimportantcompounds,andunderstandthesilicateindustryandinor
2、ganicnon-metallicmaterialsThepropertiesofcarbon,siliconanditscompounds,aswellasthetransformationofcarbon,silicon,andcompounds[basicreview]Thefamilyofcarbonelementsintheperiodictable,includingelements.Theatomhasfourelectronsinitsoutermostshell,andit'snoteasytoloseelectronsinthereaction,andit
3、'snoteasytogetelectrons,anditusuallyformsacombinationofelectronsandotherelements.Itsmainpriceis+2+4.Theelementofcarbonincreasesfromtoptobottom,andthenon-metallicnaturegraduallydecreases,andthegoldisgraduallystrengthened.Mostofthemcanformgaseoushydrides,andtheirstabilitywearsoff.Thehighestox
4、idecorrespondstotheacidityofthehydrates.[rammingfoundation]I.knowledgenetwork:Transformationofcarbonanditscompounds.ThetransformationofsiliconanditscompoundsOne:carbonelement(thepropertyofcarbonelements)ElementsymbolsandnamesMajorvalenceSinglecolor,statehydrideMajoroxideThehighestoxidecorre
5、spondstohydratesimilarityPassdegenerationTestpointtwocarbonanditscompounds1.Carbonsinglematter(1)allotropediamondgraphiteC60structureTetrahedron,spacenetwork,atomiccrystalTheplanelayerisahexagonCage(soccer)molecularcrystalMainpropertiesMelt,boilingpointhigh,hardness,difficulttodissolveinsol
6、vent,notconductiveThemeltingpointishigh,softandsmooth,andconductiveItcanbemixedwithmetaltoformasuperconductoruseDiamonds,knives,decorationsElectrode,pencilcore,lubricantAppliedtomaterialscienceNote:commonallotropesDiamond,graphite,C60O2,O3P4(whitephosphorus),redphosphoruscrystallinesilicon,
7、amorphoussilicon(2)chemicalproperties(flammability,reductive)Carboncompounds(1)oxide(CO,CO2)ThenatureoftheCarbonmonoxideCOCO2CO2PhysicalpropertiesColor,state,tasteColorlessandodorlessgasColorless,odorlessgasThetoxicityoftoxicIt'snottoxic,it'sagreenhousee
