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1、考点4钠及其化合物的性质（Testsite4.Propertiesofsodiumanditscompounds）Testsite4.Propertiesofsodiumanditscompounds1.reviewthekeypoints1.understandthechemicalpropertiesofsodiumfromthestructuralfeaturesofsodiumatoms;compareandcomparewith;comparetheatomicstructureandphysicalpropertiesofa
2、lkalimetalelements2.theanalysisoftheexperimentalphenomenaandthechemicalpropertiesofsodium,theidentificationofthem,andtheseparationbetweenthem2.difficultiesfocusI.propertiesofsodium(1)thephysicalpropertiesofsodiumandthereactionofsodiumwithwaterThenewcutsodiumsectionisbrig
3、htsilverwhite,easytoreactwithoxygen,buttheproductisrelativelycomplex,suchassodiumoxide(Na2O),sodiumhydroxide(Na2O2).Sodiumwithwatertoproducehydrogenreactionexperiments,withthethumbthroughthetubemouthpouredintothebeaker,thisoperationforthestudents,notskilledmaymakeapartof
4、airintothetube.Sobeforetheformalgascollectionexperiments,teacherscanarrangeforstudentstopracticeafewtimesinatesttubeoperation.Iftheoperationisstillthedifficulty,byanappropriatesizeandtuberubberplugthroughthetube,intothewaterafterpullingouttherubberplug.Thisexperimentcana
5、lsobeusedtoreplacethetankbeaker,thiscaliberisrelativelylarge,easytooperate.Carefulnottotakealargepieceofsodiuminthetest.Thisisbecausethepropertiesofsodiumandwaterreactionisverylively,itgiveoffalotofheat,evenmakethesurroundingwaterboiling,thereforealsosodiumwithwatervapor
6、reaction.Ifthesodiumisswimminginthewatercontainerwallontheoilstick,notswimming,heatisnoteasytospread,willmakehydrogenburning,evenasmallexplosionoccurred,tosplashoutgeneratedsodiumhydroxide.(2)thereactionofsodiumwithoxygenInthereactionofsodiumandoxygenduringtheexperiment,
7、inordertoensurethetiltoftheaircanflow,theglasstubecannotbetoothin,andsodiumparticlecannotloadintheglasstubeistoolarge.Stayintheglasstubeisheatedandmeltedsodiumstartsburning,slightlyinclinedglasstubecanbeseenfromwhitetoyellowdiscolorationaftercombustionprocessifnottoocoar
8、se.Theglasstubecanalsobeusedtothebottomofthetube.Insteadofsodiumblockusedinthisexperiment,shouldremovet
