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1、ChineseBorrowingsinEnglishI.IntroductionLanguageisnotonlythemostsignificanttoolforhumancommunication,butalsothecarrierofhumancivilizationandreflectionofsocialreality.Therefore,withthedevelopmentofhumansocietyandtheexpansionofpolitical,economicandculturalexchangesamon
2、gdifferentnations,languageborrowinghasbecomeaverycommonphenomenoninlanguagedevelopment.Language,likecultures,israrelysufficientuntothemselves.Thenecessitiesofintercoursebringthespeakersofonelanguageintodirectorindirectcontactwiththoseofneighboringorculturallydominant
3、languages.Atpresentthereareabout6000differentlanguagesonourplanet,andeveryoneofthemhasavocabularycontainingmanythousandsofwords.Wheneverandwherevertherearecontactsofanysortbetweenthespeakersofdifferentlanguage，speakerswillmakeuseofwordsfromotherlanguagestorefertothin
4、gs,processes,andleadthewaysofbehavior,organization,orthinkforwhichwordsorphraseswerenotavailableor convenientintheirownlanguagehitherto.Everybodyisinapositiontolearnsomeofthewordsusedbytheirneighbor'swordsandtakethosewordsoverintotheirownlanguage.Thesewordsaretermedb
5、orrowings,orloanwords.Loanwordsmaycovereveryaspectofhumanlife,includingdiet,dailynecessities,traditionalcultureandotheraspects.Largescareoflanguageborrowingtookplacebetweenlanguagesbothhistoricallyandcurrently.Thereweremanyexamplesofthisinworldhistory.Forinstances,Ch
6、inesevocabularyhadenteredintoEnglishespeciallyinHanDynastyandTangDynasty.Actually,thehistoryofEnglishcanbecalledahistoryoflanguageborrowing.StatisticsshowthatEnglishhasalreadyborrowedupto500thousandwordsfromotherlanguages,including1488Chineseborrowings.Nowadays,Engli
7、shlanguagehasbecomethebiggestdonorlanguageintheworld.Withtherapiddevelopmentofsocialeconomy,borrowingisincreasingunprecedentedlybetweendifferentlanguages.Languageborrowingnotonlyenrichesthevocabularystockoftheborrowinglanguageandmakesupforitslexicalgap,butalsohelpspe
8、opleofdifferentnationstobetterunderstandeachother,especiallyabouttheircultures,meanwhile;borrowingactivityisarathercomplicatedproce
