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1、Thelectureforbilingualteachingclassesofhumananatomy(writtenbyzengminghui)广东药学院教师课堂教学讲稿课程系统解剖学专业临床医学、预防医学教师曾明辉班级双语班第181页共181页Thelectureforbilingualteachingclassesofhumananatomy(writtenbyzengminghui)IntroductionofHumanAnatomy人体解剖学绪论1.Whatishumananatomy?Humananatomy(人体解剖学)ist
2、hesubjectwhichstudiestheshape,structureandspatialinterrelationsoforgansofnormalhumanbody.Humananatomyisanimportantbasiccourseofmedicine.2.Classificationofhumananatomy:Humananatomyisgenerallyclassifiedintogrossanatomy(大体解剖学),microscopicanatomy(显微解剖学,histology),developmental
3、anatomy(成长解剖学),radiographicanatomy(放射解剖学)andclinicalanatomy(临床解剖学)etc.Grossanatomyissubdividedinto①systematicanatomy(系统解剖学)and②regionalanatomy(局部解剖学).Systematicanatomytakesthesystemsofhumanbody(suchaslocomotorsystem,alimentarysystemetc.)asstudyunitsandstudiestheshapeandstr
4、ucturesoftheorgansofthebodysystembysystem.Thereareninesystemsinhumanbody:(1)locomotorsystem(运动系统),(2)alimentary(digestive)system(消化系统),(3)respiratorysystem(呼吸系统),(4)urinarysystem(泌尿系统),(5)Reproductive(genital)system(生殖系统),(6)endocrinesystem(内分泌系统),(7)circulatorysystem(循环系统
5、,angiology),(8)nervoussystem(神经系统),(9)sensoryorgans(感觉器官).Regionalanatomytakesregions(suchasinguinalregionetc.)orareasasstudyunitsandstudiestheshapeandspatialinterrelationsoftheorgansorstructuresofthebodyregionbyregion.3.ThepartsofhumanbodyThehumanbodyisdividedintothetrunk
6、,head,neck,upperlimbsandlowerlimbs.Theupperandlowerpartsofanterioraspectoftrunkisrespectivelycalledthorakandabdomen,whiletheupperandlowerpartsofposteioraspectoftrunkisrespectivelycalledbackandlumbar.Theposteriorpartofneckiscallednucha.Theupperlimbisdividedintoshoulder,arm,
7、forearmandhand,theupperlimbisdividedintogluteus,thigh,legandfoot.4.Theanatomicaltermsusedoften:(1)Anatomicalposition(解剖姿势)：①Thebodystandsuperectly;②Thefaceisdirectedforward,theeyesseeforwardhorizontally;③Theheelsandtoesareclosedtogether,thetipsoffeetaredirectedforward;④The
8、upperlimbshangbythesidesofthebody;⑤Thepalmsofthehandsfaceforward.(2)Therelationalplanes:①
