骨折概论outline of fracture

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1、OUTLINEOFFRACTURE1ThedefinitionoffractureClassificationoffractureCauseoffractureThefragmentdisplacementoffractureSection1：Content-2Definition：Thebreakoffofboneintegralityorcontinuity－>fracturecause：directtraumaindirecttraumaaccumulatedforce－fatiguefracturethebonepreexistingdisease

2、－Pathologicfractures3Apathologicfractureisoneinwhichaboneisbrokenthroughanareaweakenedbypreexistingdisease,byadegreeofstressthatwouldhaveleftanormalboneintact.4Theclassificationoffracture(一)、Accordingtotheskinormucosawhetherisintact根据骨折处皮肤粘膜的完整性分类closedfractureopenfracturecommunica

3、tedwithbladder、rectum--sacrum、coccyxAnopenfractureisoneinwhichabreakintheskinandunderlyingsofttissuesleadsdirectlyintoorcommunicateswiththefractureanditshematoma.5(二)Theclassificationaccordingtotheextentormorphologiccharacteristicoffractures1.incompletefracture⑴fissurefracture⑵Gree

4、nstickfracture2.completefracture⑴Transverse⑵Oblique⑶Spiral⑷Comminuted⑸Impacted⑹Compression⑺separationofepiphysis(epiphysiolysis)(8)Depressed6TheclassificationaccordingtothestabilityafterreductionoffractureStablefracture：Itisnoteasytotakeplacedisplacementafterreduction.SuchasTran

5、sverseImpactedUnstablefracture：Itiseasytotakeplacedisplacementafterreduction.SuchasComminutedOblique7ThedisplacementofbonefragmentTraumaeffectTheweightofdistalpartoflimbThemusclecontractThemistakeduringtransportationandpretreatmentReason:8Thetypesofdisplacement：１、angulation２、separa

6、tion３、shortening４、lateraldisplacement５、rotationinmostcasesthedeformityisthecombinationofseveraldisplacement9Section2：Clinicalmanifestationandradiographicexamination10１、shockinthecasesofseverefractureduetobleeding、internalorgantrauma、severepain、intensivestressreaction２、fevergenerall

7、y<38Chaematomaabsorption,infectionduringopenfracture(一)Systemicmanifestation：11(二)localmanifestation：1.commonfeaturesoffracturepain、swelling、lossoffunction2.specialfeasuresoffracture１、deformity２、abnormalmobility３、bonycrepitus骨擦音(感)12mainlydependingonhistoryandsigns:ultimately,thepr

8、oofistheradiographicdemons