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1、第八章生物的进化（TheeighthchapteristheevolutionofBiology）TheeighthchapteristheevolutionofBiologySection1theoriginoflifeonearth[knowledgesummary]I.thehypothesisoftheoriginoflife1.specialcreationtheory:2.selfgenerationtheory;3,theoryoflifeanddevelopment;4.theoryofuniversallife;5.Two.Theprocessofche
2、micalevolutionoftheoriginoflifeInorganicsmallmolecularsubstances;organicsmallmolecules;biologicalmacromolecules;multimolecularsystems;primitivelifeThree.OriginofeukaryoticcellsThecelloriginoftheoriginalsequenceisasfollows:nucleotideandaminoacid,nucleicacidandprotein,prototypeprototypeprot
3、otyperibosomes(lifeprecursors),primitivelife(native),prototypecells,prototypeselection,cellproliferationandcell(prokaryoticcells),cellproliferation,andselectionofeukaryoticcells.Accordingtothetheoryofsymbiosis,manyorganellesineukaryotesarenotproducedbygradualevolutionaryprocesses,butbythe
4、invaginationandsymbiosisoftheplasmamembrane.Manyscientistsbelievethateukaryoticcellscontainmitochondriaandchloroplaststhatareproducedbyphagocytosisofprokaryotes,bacteria,cyanobacteria,andsymbiosis.Inaddition,somepeoplebelievethateukaryoticcellsdonotoriginatefromprokaryoticcells,butorigina
5、tefromprimitivelifetogetherwithprokaryoticcells.[problemsolvinginstruction]Thechemistryevolutionoflifehasbeenacknowledgedbymanyscholars,andthishypothesisisidenticalwiththetheoryofnaturallifeAlifeissuddenlygeneratedfromnonlivingmatterBlifeisgeneratedfromnonlivingmatterClifeisproducedfromno
6、nlivingmatterunderpresentconditionsDlifeoccurswhenconditionsarelinkedtoevolutionoftheuniverseTheanalysisofBiscorrect.Thetheoryofnaturalevolutionholdsthatlifeisproducedfromnonlivingmatterandsuddenlyoccurs.Thetheoryofchemicalevolutionholdsthatlifeisproducedbychemicalevolutionofnonlivingmatt
7、erthroughlongyears.Therefore,thetwohypothesesassumethatlifecomesfromnonlivingmatter,butonlythetheoryofnaturalevolutiondeniesthetransformationconditionsandboundariesbetweenlivingbeingsandnonlivingthings.AandCarebothviewsofnaturalevolution,andDistheviewofchemicalevolu
