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1、微信扫描二维码关注启航考研（qh_kaoyan）Howsiestashelpmemory午睡怎样增进记忆力[2010.02.25]TheEconomistMADdogsandEnglishmen,sothesonghasit,gooutinthemiddaysun.AndthebusinesspracticesofEngland’slinealdescendant,America,willhaveyouintheofficefromnineinthemorningtofiveintheevening,ifnotlonger.Muchoftheworld,though,preferst
2、otakeasiesta.AndresearchpresentedtotheAAASmeetinginSanDiegosuggestsitmayberighttodoso.Ithasalreadybeenestablishedthatthosewhosiestaarelesslikelytodieofheartdisease.Now,MatthewWalkerandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,havefoundthattheyprobablyhavebettermemory,too.Apost-prandials
3、nooze,DrWalkerhasdiscovered,setsthebrainupforlearning.Theroleofsleepinconsolidatingmemoriesthathavealreadybeencreatedhasbeenunderstoodforsometime.DrWalkerhasbeentryingtoextendthisunderstandingbylookingatsleep’sroleinpreparingthebrainfortheformationofmemoriesinthefirstplace.Hewasparticularlyinte
4、restedinatypeofmemorycalledepisodicmemory,whichrelatestospecificevents,placesandtimes.Thiscontrastswithproceduralmemory,oftheskillsrequiredtoperformsomesortofmechanicaltask,suchasdriving.Thetheoryheandhisteamwantedtotestwasthattheabilitytoformnewepisodicmemoriesdeteriorateswithaccruedwakefulnes
5、s,andthatsleepthusrestoresthebrain’scapacityforefficientlearning.Theyaskedagroupof39peopletotakepartintwolearningsessions,oneatnoonandoneat6pm.Oneachoccasiontheparticipantstriedtomemoriseandrecall100combinationsofpicturesandnames.Afterthefirstsessiontheywereassignedrandomlytoeitheracontrolgroup
6、,whichremainedawake,oranapgroup,whichhad100minutesofmonitoredsleep.Thosewhoremainedawakethroughoutthedaybecameworseatlearning.Thosewhonapped,bycontrast,actuallyimprovedtheircapacitytolearn,doingbetterintheeveningthantheyhadatnoon.Thesefindingssuggestthatsleepisclearingthebrain’sshort-termmemory
7、andmakingwayfornewinformation.Thebenefitstomemoryofanap,saysDrWalker,aresogreatthattheycanequalanentirenight’ssleep.Hewarns,however,thatnappingmustnotbedonetoolateinthedayoritwillinterferewithnight-timesleep.Moreover,noteveryoneaw
