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1、微信扫描二维码关注启航考研（qh_kaoyan）Howsiestashelpmemory午睡怎样增进记忆力[2010.02.25]TheEconomistMADdogsandEnglishmen,sothesonghasit,gooutinthemiddaysun.AndthebusinesspracticesofEngland’slinealdescendant,America,willhaveyouintheofficefromnineinthemorningtofiveintheevening,ifnotlonger.Muc
2、hoftheworld,though,preferstotakeasiesta.AndresearchpresentedtotheAAASmeetinginSanDiegosuggestsitmayberighttodoso.Ithasalreadybeenestablishedthatthosewhosiestaarelesslikelytodieofheartdisease.Now,MatthewWalkerandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,havefou
3、ndthattheyprobablyhavebettermemory,too.Apost-prandialsnooze,DrWalkerhasdiscovered,setsthebrainupforlearning.Theroleofsleepinconsolidatingmemoriesthathavealreadybeencreatedhasbeenunderstoodforsometime.DrWalkerhasbeentryingtoextendthisunderstandingbylookingatsleep’srole
4、inpreparingthebrainfortheformationofmemoriesinthefirstplace.Hewasparticularlyinterestedinatypeofmemorycalledepisodicmemory,whichrelatestospecificevents,placesandtimes.Thiscontrastswithproceduralmemory,oftheskillsrequiredtoperformsomesortofmechanicaltask,suchasdriving.
5、Thetheoryheandhisteamwantedtotestwasthattheabilitytoformnewepisodicmemoriesdeteriorateswithaccruedwakefulness,andthatsleepthusrestoresthebrain’scapacityforefficientlearning.Theyaskedagroupof39peopletotakepartintwolearningsessions,oneatnoonandoneat6pm.Oneachoccasionthe
6、participantstriedtomemoriseandrecall100combinationsofpicturesandnames.Afterthefirstsessiontheywereassignedrandomlytoeitheracontrolgroup,whichremainedawake,oranapgroup,whichhad100minutesofmonitoredsleep.Thosewhoremainedawakethroughoutthedaybecameworseatlearning.Thosewh
7、onapped,bycontrast,actuallyimprovedtheircapacitytolearn,doingbetterintheeveningthantheyhadatnoon.Thesefindingssuggestthatsleepisclearingthebrain’sshort-termmemoryandmakingwayfornewinformation.Thebenefitstomemoryofanap,saysDrWalker,aresogreatthattheycanequalanentirenig
8、ht’ssleep.Hewarns,however,thatnappingmustnotbedonetoolateinthedayoritwillinterferewithnight-timesleep.Moreover,noteveryoneaw
