2021-2022学年上海市高中高一（下）期末化学试卷（附答案详解）

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2021-2022
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13C.ÉḄᰚÊÂËḄÄÅÆÇ3{IᡂᔠÆᦑCD.ÃḄᰚ«ÂËḄÄÅÆÇ{ÈIᡂᔠÆᦑD┯O.ᦑ⌱C.ᵫᔠÆḄIᡂ¡sÅÆÇÍ{ÈIᡂᔠÆᑣᰚÏÊḄÆÇḄᰚ3{ᜧÂᰚÏ«ḄÆÇḄÄ.i⚪ὃlᔠÆḄEÐ⚪3ᜧÑÒqẠstḄÓÔ.21.ூᫀ௃Dூ8᪆௃8Q⊝®ÕAḄÖ0.50×஺஻3ÙᢝÛ34ÜÝᘤḄÝÓ᡽ᜧᑮTᩭḄá·º⊝®ÕAḄÖª«0.30nwZ/3â}ª«ãä⊝ᔣ⌮ᔣFGᑣA.ª«ãä⊝ᔣ⌮ᔣFGâ}ᱥ,Ḅæ2ᦪèdᜧÂᡂᱥ,Ḅæ2ᦪ,x+y>z,ᦑA┯OB.ᵫ0ᑖ᪆¡s⊝ᔣ⌮ᔣFGᦑB┯OC.⊝ᔣ⌮ᔣFGBḄᓄ᳛ª«ᦑC┯OD.⊝ᔣ⌮ᔣFGCḄ,Óᑖᦪ½ªᦑD஺ᦑ⌱QD஺⊝®ÕAḄÖ0.507no஻L,ÙᢝÛ34ÜÝᘤḄÝÓ᡽ᜧᑮTᩭḄá᝞⊝3FGᑣAḄÖª«0.25mo/3Hë®0.3nw1/L,ᑣâ}ª«ãä⊝ᔣ⌮ᔣFG0ë6ìᑨ.i⚪ὃlᓄ⊝FGst⚪3ᜧÑÒ<ÖḄ4ᓄḄíᑨ⊝FGḄᔣîᔠãäp⊝FGḄᑖ᪆.22.ூᫀ௃Bூ8᪆௃8Q4᪷ð⊝Q2so2+஺2=25஺3,ñᵨò2Ḅóᓽõᜧ`Ḅ2¡0ñᓄ⊝ᔣFGöÊSO2Ḅᑭᵨ᳛ᡠ0{ᵨøùᱯᑡTᳮ8üᦑA3⌱B.õᜧãä¥⊝ᔣFGýõᜧãä?þ,ÿḄ
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14⊝HIᐵᑣᵨᱯᑭᳮ஺⚪ὃᱯᑡᳮḄ,ᵨ3⚣ὃᱯᑡᳮḄ〉ᵨᐵ,ᱯᑡᳮḄᑁ4⚪ᜧ஺23.ூᫀ௃Aூ᪆௃Q4H2sᐹᨵ£ឋgTP¥&ḄFe3+¦ᓄᡂFe2+,ᦑA©#B.N%-%஺ª\]+,«ᡂ¬ᓄª®¯dTP¥&ḄFe3+¦ᓄᡂFe2+,ᦑB┯±#C.C%ᐹᨵDᓄឋª\]+,dTP¥&ḄFe3+¦ᓄᡂFe2+,ᦑC┯±;D.CUS04P¥ª\]+,dTP¥&ḄFe3+¦ᓄᡂFe2+,ᦑD┯±#ᦑ⌱QA«TP¥&ḄFe3+¦ᓄᡂFe2+Ḅ&ªᐗ´ᓄᔠµ¶·¸£ᑣᐭḄᱥºᐹᨵ£ឋ»¼Ḅ£ᑺQ¾¿ᓫºஹ¬ஹÁᓫºஹỚᓄᱥஹÃᓄᱥwÄÅᔠ⌱⚗&ᔜᱥºឋºÈÉᑨË஺⚪ὃªZ̪ZḄ[ͦᓄ3⚣ὃλ¼ᱥºឋºஹ+,_ºᐵªZ̪ZḄ[ͦᓄcdÏ⚪ÐÑὃÒ«ᮣÔ,ᵨÕẠ×ØḄÙ⚪ᜧ஺24.ூᫀ௃Cூ᪆௃Q4Á⏚ÛXÁ⏚¬ÛᙳCa(OH)2+,«ᡂÝ⁐®¯Þ[ßd␺áᦑA┯±#B.ᔣNa2c஺3&⌲ãᐭZ⏚ᐜ
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⚪ᐵ⚪ᜧ஺25.ூᫀ௃Cூ᪆௃0.4gNa஺”ḄᱥḄO.OlTnol.OGgNazC3ḄᱥḄO.OlmobNaOHNa2cO3ᔠ!ᡂḄ#$%&'(⏚*ᐜ,-NaOH+HCl=NaCl+HO,2.,-Na2cO3+HCl=NaCl+NaHCO,ᨬ0,-NaHC%+HCl=NaCl+COT32+HO,1*2ᨵ45ᓄ789-ᡂ஺2A.O.OlmoHG:;5ᓄ<=>?ᨵ89-ᡂ.&'@ᨵO.OlmoZHGḄ(⏚*:7⏚<=>-ᡂ7⏚;<*?ᨵ89-ᡂᑣBC:=>DᦑA┯GHB.BCIJK=>ᓽᨵ89-ᡂ:=>DᦑB┯GC.ᔣNaOHNa2c஺3ᔠ#$I&'(⏚*✌ᐜNaOH=>-ᡂOPᓄ<%&ᐭ0.1L*RὅាU=>VᐰHXY&'*(⏚N&2CO3JK=>✌ᐜ,-HC1+NaCO=NaHCO+NaCl,Z[89%.'ᐭ0.1L*1\=>]^VᐰHXY233&'*,-=>NaHCO+HCl=NaCl+HO+COT:1*JKZ[89_U322:BC`DᦑC_aHD.b7⏚<:(⏚Ḅ=>ᑖ\Vᡂᑣ7⏚<:(⏚ᐜ=>-ᡂ7⏚;<Pᓄ<1*?ᨵ89-ᡂᑣBC:=>DᦑD┯GHᦑ⌱Co0.4gNa஺”ḄᱥḄO.Olmol,1.06gNa2c3ḄᱥḄO.Olmol,NaOHNaze/ᔠ!ᡂḄ#$%&'(⏚*ᐜ89NaOH+HCl=NaCl+ᵯ0(.,-NaCO+HCl=NaCl+NaHCO,ᨬ0,-NaHCg+HCl=NaCl+COT+HO,233221*2ᨵ45ᓄ789-ᡂᑭᵨᱥḄḄᐵghiᔠBCᓽj஺1⚪ὃlmᐗoᓄᔠᱥஹBCᦪrḄᜐᳮuv1⚪Ḅ᧕┯x
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+Na2c஺3=NaHCO+NaCl;]^Vᐰ0.,-NaHCO+HCl=NaCl+HO+COTo332226.ூᫀ௃283Na-[:S:]J-Na-N=NS2-N3-Na+2NaO+2CO=2222NaCO+ONa{R|}~ᓫᑖᢗᐭOI232O=>NaA1Ḅ᪶᜜ᵯᦪ`᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ'ᜫᵯy}~ឋNH+H+=NH+316⚓ᐳ21⚓

16ூ᪆௃ᵫᑖ᪆juAAlஹBSஹCNaஹDN5(1)4A1ᐗoi᪀B283B:CᡂḄᓄᔠᱥNazS,ᐸᵯ¡Na-[:§:]ANa-DᐗoᡂḄᓫN2,ᐸi᪀¡N¢N,ᦑᫀ^7^283Na-[:S:]J-Na-N¢N5(2)£Ḅᵯi᪀`᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ¤ᜧ£¤£Ḅᵯ¤¥£¤ᜧᦑ£S2->N3->Na+>Al3+,ᦑᫀS2-;N3-5Na+;Al3+;(3)CḄ¦|5ᓄᱥj§¨‷IḄª5ᑺ¬5ᓄᱥNa?஺?:(?஺2=>Ḅ¯°¡2NaO+2c஺2=2NaCO+0»22232ᦑᫀ2NaO+2CO=2NaCO+0;222232(4)ᕜ²³´µ}~ឋᦑ}~ឋNa>4,¶·¬i¸Ḅ¹º¯ᫀ{R|}~ᓫᑖᢗᐭOIO=>HNaA1Ḅ᪶᜜ᵯᦪ`᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ'᪶᪶᜜ᵯ»yᜫᵯy}~ឋHᦑᫀNa5{R|}~ᓫᑖᢗᐭOIO=>HNaA1Ḅ᪶᜜ᵯᦪ`᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ'ᜫᵯy}~ឋH(5)BḄᨬ¼½5ᓄᱥ>ḄOᓄᱥH2s஺4,DḄ8᝱PᓄᱥN%4ὅ=>Ḅ£=>¯°¡N“3+H+=N£,ᦑᫀNH+H+=NH^3¿|Àᕜ²ᐗoᐸIA
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17$9ò»óôᔣóôI&ᐭõ&⏚ឋKMnO,#$é¼┶⏚÷#$øì⁐ùúí·@…ூ᪆௃(1)╅ᔠ}ᵨ»ᑴþÿஹ■⌕ᑭᵨ╅ᔠᐹᨵὊῖ⇨ឋஹஹ☢Ḅᱯ"#$%ᵯឋᔲ()*ᐵ#ᦑ⌱.B,ᦑ/ᫀ1.B5(2)ᐗ3᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ113,᪶᜜ᵯ89ᦪ:;#ᨬ᜜9ᵯ8ᦪ3;#ᙠᕜ?⊤AḄBC1:E:ᕜ?EF1G,4(0஻)3$IJ⏚LMNᡂJ⏚PQ#LMḄR8ST1.Al(OH)+3H+=Al3++3HO,UV$QWXᙠYᩩ[\LM#Nᡂ]^ᓄ:UP32`X#LMḄᓄaST1.3/^+4”2஺cd63஺4+4“2,NᡂḄe᝱gᱥ.FeO,34ᦑ/ᫀ1.E:ᕜ?Ei4Gj4(஺“)3+3H+=43++3”2஺jd03஺45(3)4FeO+6NH4cl=6Fe+2FeCl+3NT+12HO,mnLMAoᐗ3ᓄᔠp-323322pᓣᑮ0p,Nᡂ3moioX#ᵯ8stuᦪ18mo/e-,vNᡂ3.36LoX(᪗yz{)#X|ᱥ}Ḅ~=:=O.lSmol,stḄᵯ8ᦪ=஺.""‘"""xN/mol=0.9#Aᨵa1#LMgᱥAMᨵFeNᡂ#ḄᳮᵫUPᓄULMNᡂᓄU#LMḄᓄaST1.2FeCl+Fe=3FeCl,32ᦑ/ᫀ1.0.9N452FeCl+Fe=3FeCl%32(4)UR8PJᓄLMNᡂᔠᱥᕈ⊈⁐#UR8PJᓄLM#UR8⏚ឋ⏚^ᓄ⏚ឋ⏚⁐#UR8⏚ឋ⏚^ᓄ#᝞ᔣAJ^ᓄ#¡1⊈⁐¢£¤¥ᨵUR8#ᔲᑣ¥UR8#᝞ᔣA⏚ឋ⏚#᝞⏚ឋ§⏚⁐#¢£¤¥ᨵUR8#ᔲᑣ¥UR8#ᦑ/ᫀ1:¨©ª«¬®¯$°±³ᕈ⊈⁐#ᑣ£¤¥/e3+,E²ª³µ⊈⁐#¶¤·ᨵFe3+¸¹~|º»¼½#ᔣ¼½A³§⏚À⁐Á#£¤Ecªᐭ¿⏚ឋKMntZi¥Ḅ+(1)╅ᔠᐹᨵὊῖ⇨ឋஹஹ☢Ḅᱯ"j(2)ᐗ3᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ113,᪶᜜ᵯ89ᦪ:;,ᨬ᜜9ᵯ8ᦪ3;#ᕜ?Ãᦪ=ᵯ89ᦪ#GGÃᦪ=Ä8ᨬ᜜9ᵯ8ᦪ#ÅÆᑨÈᙠᕜ?⊤AḄBC#4(04)3$IJ⏚LMNᡂJ⏚PQ#UV$QWXᙠYᩩ[\LM#Nᡂ]^ᓄ:UP`X.বLM4L2஺3+6/7"4cB6/6+2d6Ê3+3Ë7+1242஺A#Nᐗ3ᓄᔠpᓣ#^ᓄ#NH4cl?@Aᑺ,:^ᓄcU1^ᓄᑺ#°ᔠᐗ3ᓄᔠp¡ᓄÍÎᵯ8stuᦪ#LMgᱥAMᨵFeNᡂ#Ï1UPᓄULMNᡂᓄUjE18⚓#ᐳ21⚓

18(4)UR8PJᓄLMᔠᱥᕈ⊈⁐#UR8PJᓄLM#UR8⏚ឋ§⏚^ᓄ⏚ឋ⏚⁐#UR8⏚ឋ⏚^ᓄ஺Ó⚪ὃÖ×ᐸᓄᔠᱥឋ}ஹ^ᓄÙÄLMᵯ8ÚឤḄÍÎMᵨஹR8Ü©Ḅ¨©ÝÍÞß"#àáÞßḄâãäå#⚪æçA஺28.ூ/ᫀ௃c0.01nw#/(L•min)4DᓣYëìíᓣY#LMঝïᔣtðS»LMজ⌮ᔣtðSூó᪆௃ó.(1)J⏚┛e|#ᐸᩩ[¡#öCaSᑁḄᵨ~#LMজḄø᳛¡#ᦑ/ᫀ1.cj(2)C஺ᑖ8ûü1;0Ä8sᓄ1CO2ᑖ8#e|}~ý¹1COᑖ8ûüOÄ8Ḅ}o.2mol~#ᑣ"CO?)=n(஺)=ÿ=0.2mo/,v(C0)-=0.01mo//(L-min)
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(4)EঝEᔾUᱥ^#_,:ᡂᱥḄ^#⊡ᐰ᝞deঝḄCaSO,(s)+CO(g)f

19
/kJᦑCᫀEF/CaO(s)+SCMg)+COhg)CaSO,(s)+CO(g)(5)জEiUঝEᔾUᓣIZ'জ⌮ᔣSTঝ)ᔣSTᙳklᑮ⊝9mCOḄᔾᦈ᳛n_VopqFᓣIZ'ঝ)ᔣSTf'_,জ⌮ᔣSTf'ᦑCᫀEFᓣIZ'ঝ)ᔣSTf'_,জ⌮ᔣSTf'஺(1)r⏚┛quᐸᵨ#xyz᳛
(2)C஺ᑖ|}~1Oo|ᓄECO2ᑖ|u"#nECOᑖ|}~Oo|Ḅ"An#ᑣn(C02)=n(஺)k᪷v=4CO?)5V⌮ᑮ⊝6ᱥ"Ḅ)⌮z᳛ABᔜᑖḄ8'ஹ#ᢝᵫ:Ḅᐸ?#ᑨ⊝Ḅᱥᳮ#!9:ᓄᵫᓄᑮᓄᑮ⊝
(3)EGHIঝḄCOḄᔾᦈ᳛ᦋᩩPQ⊝)ᔣST
(4)EঝEᔾUᱥ^#_,:ᡂᱥḄ^#
(5)ᓣIZ'জ⌮ᔣSTঝ)ᔣSTCOḄᔾᦈ᳛n_জxyᜧ஺⚪ὃᓄz᳛ஹᓄ⊝z᳛xypஹz᳛ஹ⊝᝱ᑨஹ⊝STB⚪¢£¤ὃ:ᑖ᪆¦ஹᮣ¨©ᵨª«Ḅ¦஺29.ூCᫀ௃ᑴ¯°ᑖ±²ᧅᔾᦈ´µḄ°■·¸¹º»⁐uk$½¾¿ÀÁmÂÃ⁐+6+6ÄFeᐗᐹᨵÈᓄឋᙠËeᩔÍÎÏᐸÐoÑᱥEÒÓ|ËÔ:ᡂÕÈᓄÒÖÖᐹᨵᔾ▬ឋᔾ▬ËeḄØÙᩖ"ÛÜÝᑮÞËḄßᵨ3.96gூÔ᪆௃ÔF(1)¿ÀAe:ᡂ°F2KM&+16HC7(8)=2MnCl+2KCI+5ClT22+8H2஺
à8á⏚ḄâᘤäåEᑖ±²ᧅᦑCᫀEFᑴ¯°
ᑖ±²ᧅ
(2)CeḄNaOHæ±ᵨ,ᔾᦈ´µḄ°■·¸¹ºF¿ÀBe»⁐uk$½¾¿ÀÁmÂÃ⁐ᦑCᫀEFᔾᦈ´µḄ°■·¸¹º
»⁐uk$½¾¿ÀÁmÂÃ⁐
ç20⚓ᐳ21⚓

20(3)Ò⏚êeÈᐗE-2ÄêᐗE+1Ä᪷)ëᓄᔠÄíᦪïEðᑨFeᐗE+6Ä+6ÄFeᐗᐹᨵÈᓄឋᙠËeᩔÍÎÏᐸÐoÑᱥEÒÓ|ËÔ:ᡂÕÈᓄÒÖÖᐹᨵᔾ▬ឋᔾ▬ËeḄØÙᩖ"ÛÜÝᑮÞËḄßᵨᦑCᫀEF+65+6ÄFeᐗᐹᨵÈᓄឋᙠËeᩔÍÎÏᐸÐoÑᱥEÒÓ|ËÔ:ᡂÕÈᓄÒÖÖᐹᨵᔾ▬ឋᔾ▬ËeḄØÙᩖ"ÛÜÝᑮÞËḄßᵨ
(4)᪷⚪ñòᔠo|óឤïᓄᔠÄᓣIóឤV~õföF3C2+2Fe(OH)3+10KOH=2KFeO+6KCI+8/஺ᑣᨵᐵøöF2KFeO3CZ,n(CZ)=°^=2424222pf0.03mol,:ᡂKzFetZj"#E0Q2nio,x198g/mol=3.96g,ᦑCᫀEF3.96g஺¿ÀAe:ᡂ°F2KMnO+16HCI(
)=2MnCl+2KCI+5c72T+8/஺
Be~42EF3Cl+2Fe(OW)+10KOH=2KFeO+6KCI+8H05CeḄNaOHæ±ᵨ23242,ᔾᦈ´µḄ°òᔠùÁḄᩞᧇüý!Ô⚪஺⚪ὃGᱥ"Ḅឋ"þÿ
ᱥḄឋ⚪ᐵ⚪Ḅᑖ᪆ஹḄὃ!"#⚪$%&'ᔠᱥḄឋ⚪஺