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词法错误句法错误语篇错误Proofreadinganderrorcorrection 词法错误冠词名词代词介词及固定搭配形容词和副词的比较结构情态动词用词混淆 1、三类常见冠词错误a.冠词误用b.冠词冗余c.冠词缺失出现频率较高!! a.冠词误用09年真题Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifferencebetweenschoolloreandnurserylore.thefurtherdifferenceafurtherdifference b.冠词冗余2010真题Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos’life.The去掉theLanguage–thelanguage c.冠词缺失2007年真题Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetolargeextent,whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatarewhollyconventional.tolargeextenttoalargeextent 2.名词的数paper---paperssafe-safesglass-glasseswood---woodswork---worksfather-in-law---fathers-in-law近年，出现频率较低 2004年真题Congressionalinvestigationsneverthelessrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakerstoinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterestsinnationalissues.interests---interest 3、两类常见代词错误a.代词误用b.代词冗余出现频率较高 a.代词误用2009Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistenerhasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren.Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.their---his(2013-7)something---anything(2013-8) b.代词冗余2006Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomostcommonformsoftransmission---bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans(speech)orbyvisualsigns(writing).it删除 4、介词及固定搭配a.介词误用b.介词冗余c.介词缺失出现频率极高！ a.介词误用2008OthersfavoredtheadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswouldcertainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglishandmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryoneknows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolutionofcarryingthesamelanguageasbefore.at---in(intheend) a.介词误用2006TheEnglishspeakershasinhisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings,inavarietyofstyles,totheotherEnglishspeakers.in---at(atone’sdisposal) a.介词误用2005Anduntiltheywerestoppedbytheantitrustauthorities,theIvyLeagueschoolscolluded（密谋）tolimitcompetitionforthebeststudents,byagreeingnottoawardscholarshiponthebasisofmeritratherthanpurelyofneed---justlikebusinessfirmsagreeingnottogivediscountsontheirbestcustomer.on---to(givediscountsto)2012-5 b.介词冗余2010TheEnglishlanguagewillbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnowiftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionsasimportant.as删除（madesuchdistinctionsimportant） 2011IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,去掉in;face面对faceup勇敢地面对 c.介词缺失2010Thatis,everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.be后面加as2012-1 5、形容词和副词的比较结构主要为比较级和最高级误用出现频率较高2006Hisvocabulary,inparticular,boththatwhichheusesactivelyandthatwhichherecognizes,increasesinsizeashegrowsoldasaresultofeducationandexperience.old---older 2003Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,AmericansmarriedatahighrateandatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts.high---higher 6、情态动词Insocialsituations,theclassicIntentionMovementis“thechair-grasp”（抓板凳）.Hostandguesthavebeentalkingforsometime,butnowthehosthasanappointmenttokeepandcangetaway.can---must 7、用词混淆a.词义混淆b.词性混用c.其他混淆 a.词义混淆2010TheEskimos,itissaid,canspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecaninEnglish,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimoslanguage(oneofthosesometimesmis-called‘primitive’)isinherently.further---much或者去掉 b.词性混用2003Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,AmericansmarriedatahighrateandatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts.Europe---European c.其他混淆2010ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,ashowofunexpected“primitiveness”.come---bring(bringtolight发现、揭露） 词法错误句法错误语篇错误Proofreadinganderrorcorrection 句法错误1、时态和语态2、主谓一致3、定语从句和名词性从句4、非谓语动词5、It-句型6、虚拟语气7、倒装 1、时态和语态出现频率不高2002Webeginthe“natural”learningofpronunciationlongbeforewestartlearningtoreadorwrite,andinourearlyyearswewentonunconsciouslyimitatingandpracticingthepronunciationofthosearoundusformanymorehourspereverydaythanweeverhavetospendlearningevenourdifficultEnglishspelling.went---go2012-4 2、主谓一致出现频率不高2006…theEnglishspeakerhasinhisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings,inavarietyofstyles,otheotherEnglishspeakers.enables---enable2013-7 3、定语从句和名词性从句一个常考常新的考点注意点：1）定语从句分限定性和非限定性两种2）关于that和which的区别 2008AtthesametimetheUnitedStatessplitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthatindependenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofadifferentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.time后面加上when 2007Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetolargeextent,whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatarewhollyconventional.these---those 2005Theriseintuitionmayreflectthefacteconomicuncertaintyincreasesthedemandforeducation.fact后面加that 4、非谓语动词非谓语动词的三种形式：todo——不定式doing——动名词done——分词考试出现频率极高 主要错误：1.句子中出现两个谓语2.动名词与不定式误用3.分词的误用 接不定式做宾语的动词：agree,advise,care,choose,consent,decide,determine,desire,expect,fail,happen,hesitate,hope,learn,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,promise,propose,refuse,resolve,want,wish等接动名词做宾语的动词：admit,appreciate,avoid,complete,consider,deny,detest,dislike,endure,enjoy,envy,escape,excuse,fancy,feellike,finish,forgive,giveup,goon,can’thelp,imagine,insiston,involve,keep,keepon,leaveoff,mention,mind,miss,postpone,praise,practise,putoff,quit,recollect,report,resent,resist,risk,stand,stop,suggest,think,understand等。 2007Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecanmakeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliestrecordsofancientlanguageshowuslanguageinanewandemergingstate.show---showing 2006Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsandmeaningsaswellasagreeingconventionsastothewayinwhichwordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticularmessage.agreeing---agreed 5、It-句型2010Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.There---It Grammarerrors1.Asmilecanbeobserved,described,andreliablyidentify,anditcanalsobeelicitedandmanipulatedunderexperimentalconditions.2.Amusicalgenius,JohnCageisnotedforhishighlyunconventionalideas,andherespectedforhisunusualcompositionsandperformances.3.Chocolateispreparedbyacomplexprocessofcleaning,blendandroastingcocoabeans,whichmustbegroundandmixedwithsugar.4.Severalmillionpointsonthehumanbodyregisterseithercold,heat,pain,ortouch.5.Inthe1800'sstoreownerssoldeverythingfromaneedletoaplow,trusteveryone,andnevertookinventory. 6.Humanbeingsaresocialanimalswhomusuallyprefernottoliveinphysicalorpsychologicalisolation.7.Itestimatedthatonlyaboutthirtypercentofourplanet'ssurfaceconsistsofland.8.Iftelevisionhadbeeninventedathousandyearsago,willnationsbesignificantlymorehomogeneousthantheyarenow?9.TheSt.LawrenceSeaway,whichrunsbetweenBritishColumbiaandNewYork,hascompletedbytheUnitedStatesandCanadain1959.10.Filmdirectorscantakefargreatlibertiesindealingwithconceptsoftimeandspacethanstagedirectorscan. 词法错误句法错误语篇错误Proofreadinganderrorcorrection 衔接错误语义错误语篇错误 1.衔接错误2006Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomostcommonformsoftransmission---bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans(speech)orbyvisualsigns(writing).or---and 2004Mostcommitteehearingsareopentopublicandarereportedwidelyinthemassmedia.Congressionalinvestigationsneverthelessrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakerstoinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterestsinnationalissues.nevertheless---therefore 2.语义错误2006But,whetherthelanguagestoreisrelativelysmallorlarge,thesystemremainsnomorethanapsychologicalrealityfortheindividual,unlesshehasameansofexpressingitintermsabletobeseenbyanothermemberofhislinguisticcommunity;…seen---understood Contexterrors1.Ithoughtthosefigureswerecorrect.Therefore,Ihaverecentlyheardtheywerenot.2.Wedonothaveenoughmoneyatpresent,butwecannotaffordtobuythenewcar.3.Thepointistoofferyousomeperspectivestoconsider,soyoucanmakemoreconsciousanddeliberatechoicesforyourself.4.Youmustacceptthatyou'rethecreatorofyourlifeandthatanyoneiscomingtorescueyou.
