乳清蛋白工艺及介绍.pdf

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1、WHEYPRODUCTSWheyistheportionofmilkleftaftercheeseorcaseinismade.Wheyisabout96%waterbutcontainssomevaluableprotein,muchlactose(milksugar)andvariousdissolvedsalts.Yearsago,wheywasdumpedintostreams.Thesestreamsbecamepollutedasaresult;now,wheyisprocessedinto

2、arangeofdairyproducts.Demineralisedwheypowderismadebyremovingdissolvedsaltsandwater.Wheyproteinconcentrateismadebyveryfinefiltrationofwheytoconcentratetheproteinsintoasmallvolumewhicharethendriedtoasolublepowder.Wheyproteinhydrolysatesaremadebydigestingt

3、heproteinconcentratewithenzymes,andthendryingtheresultingsouptoapowder.Milkmineralproductsarerichincalcium,whichisextractedfromthewheyandthendried.Alltheseproductsaresoldasingredientstofoodprocessingcompanieswhousethemtomakefoodproductssuchascustards,con

4、fectionery,crab-sticks,sportsdrinks,bakedgoodsandyoghurts.Aglossaryoftermsisgivenattheendofthisarticle.INTRODUCTIONWheyistheby-productofcheeseandcaseinmanufacture,beingwhatremainsofthemilkoncethecheeseorcaseinisremoved.Generally100Lofmilkproducesabout12k

5、gofcheeseorabout3kgofcasein.Ineithercase,about87Lofwheyismadeasaby-product.9TheannualproductionofwheyinNewZealandisabout4x10L.ItsapproximatecompositionisgiveninTable1.Fordecades,mostofNewZealand’swheyhadbeenusedmainlyaspigfoodorruntowaste.Ithasalsobeenir

6、rigatedasliquidfertiliser.Sinceabout1970,theNewZealanddairyindustryhasincreasinglyprocesseditswheyintoarangeofproductsinanattemptbothtoextractgreatertotalvaluefromtheparentmilkandtominimisetheenvironmentalimpactofwheydischarges.Economicprocessingofwheyha

7、sbeenaidedbytheprogressiveamalgamationofsmalldairyfactoriesintolargeroneswheremuchwheyarisesatonesite.MAJORPRODUCTSMADEFROMWHEYINNEWZEALANDDemineralisedWheyPowderDemineralisedWheyPowderisproducedusingsimilarequipmenttothatusedtoproducemilkpowder.Wheyisfi

8、rstsubjectedtoeitherelectrodialysisand/orionexchange(describedbelow)toreducethemineralcontentbyupto90%.ThedemineralisedwheyisthenIII-Dairy-G-WheyProducts-1Table1.Compositionofmilk,cheesewheyandcaseinwhey%byweightMilkCheese