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时间:2020-03-03
《HND 经济学导论outcome3标答.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、Assessmenttask3Outcome(s)covered3AssessmenttaskinstructionsReadthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions.Governmentsareconcernedwhenmarketsfailandoftenintervene.Thisisparticularlyimportantwhenpublicandmeritgoodsareinvolved.RecentlytheUKgovernmentintervenedintwoparticular
2、cases.Thefirstcaseinvolvedsupermarkets;thesecond,TVcompanies.AdecisionbygovernmenttoallowMorrisonstobidtotakeoverSafewayinvolvedthemblockingrivalbidsbyTesco,Sainsbury,andASDA.Atthesametime,theyallowedthemergerofCarltonandGranadatogoahead.Thiscreatedacompany,whichwouldha
3、veasubstantialshareofthemarket.Therewererumoursthatthisnewconsortiumwould,inthenearfuture,possiblytakeovertheScottish,GrampianandBorderTVstationsleadingtoa‘monopoly’situationwithonelargeITVcompanyforthewholeoftheUK.TheUKgovernmentiscommittedtocompetitionbutthereseemtobe
4、occasionswhenitallowsadominantforceinamarket.Governmentusesseveraldifferentpoliciestocopewithmarketfailureandoftenhastoaddresstheproblemofexternalities.LondonhasrecentlyintroducedacongestionchargeandEdinburghCouncilisconsideringsomethingsimilarinordertoreducetheuseofpri
5、vatecarsinthesecities.TheGreenPartyhaslongheldapolicytoreducetrafficcongestionbyadvocatinggreateruseofpublictransport.Thesepoliciesaredesignedtoaddressnegativeexternalities.Withglobalwarmingamajorconcernforthefuture,thereappearstobegreaterpressureongovernmenttointervene
6、inmarketfailure.Assessmenttask3Outcome(s)covered3AssessmenttaskinstructionsAnswerthefollowingquestions:1Whatismeantbypublicandmeritgoods?Giveanexampleofeach.2ExplainwhytheGovernmentallowedthemergerofCarltonandGranadawhilerefusingTesco,SainsburyandASDAtheopportunityoftak
7、ingoverSafeway.AlternativetoQuestion2(Sampling)3Governmentsusetaxationpolicytoregulate‘negativeexternalities’.Oneoftheseisataxonfuelusedintransport.ExplainwhygovernmentstaxfuelandhowitaffectsthetransportmarketintheUK.Assessmenttask3Outcome(s)covered3Suggestedsolutionand
8、makinganassessmentdecision1Meritgoodissociallydesirablebutwouldnotbeproducediflefttoprivatesector,egeducation.
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