Foster JB, York and Clark - Capitalism in Wonderland

Foster JB, York and Clark - Capitalism in Wonderland

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时间:2019-09-21

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1、ReVieWoFthemonthCapitalisminWonderlandRichaRdYoRk,BRettclaRk,andJohnBellamYFosteRInarecentessay,“EconomicsNeedsaScientificRevolution,”inoneoftheleadingscientificjournals,Nature,physicistJean-PhilippeBouchaud,aresearcherforaninvestmentmanagementcompany,askedrhetorica

2、lly,“Whatistheflagshipachievementofeconom-ics?”Bouchaud’sanswer:“Onlyitsrecurrentinabilitytopredictandavertcrises.”1Althoughhisdiscussionisfocusedonthecur-rentworldwidefinancialcrisis,hiscommentappliesequallywelltomainstreameconomicapproachestotheenvironment—where,f

3、orexample,ancientforestsareseenasnon-performingassetstobeliquidated,andcleanairandwaterareluxurygoodsfortheaf-fluenttopurchaseattheirdiscretion.ThefieldofeconomicsintheUnitedStateshaslongbeendominatedbythinkerswhounques-tioninglyacceptthecapitaliststatusquoand,accor

4、dingly,valuethenaturalworldonlyintermsofhowmuchshort-termprofitcanbegeneratedbyitsexploitation.Asaresult,theinabilityofre-ceivedeconomicstocopewithorevenperceivetheglobalecologi-calcrisisisalarminginitsscopeandimplications.Bouchaudpenetratinglyobserves,“Thesupposedo

5、mniscienceandperfectefficacyofafreemarketstemsfromeconomicworkdoneinthe1950sand1960s,whichwithhindsightlooksmorelikepropagandaagainstcommunismthanplausiblescience.”Thecapi-talistideologythatundergirdseconomicsintheUnitedStateshasledtheprofessiontobedetachedfromreali

6、ty,renderingitinca-pableofunderstandingmanyofthecrisestheworldfaces.Main-streameconomics’obsessionwiththeendlessgrowthofGDP—ameasureof“valueadded,”notofhumanwell-beingortheintrinsicRichardYorkiscoeditorofOrganization&Environmentandassociateprofessorofsoci-ologyatthe

7、UniversityofOregon.BrettClarkisassistantprofessorofsociologyatNorthCarolinaStateUniversity.TheyarecoauthorswithJohnBellamyFosterofCritiqueofIntelligentDesign:MaterialismversusCreationismfromAntiquitytothePresent(MonthlyReviewPress,2008).JohnBellamyFosteriseditorofMo

8、nthlyReviewandprofessorofsociologyattheUniversityofOregon.HeistheauthorofTheEcologicalRevolution:MakingPeacewiththePlanet(MonthlyReviewPre

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