内在投资和产业竞争力【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：InwardInvestmentandIndustrialCompetitiveness出处：intereconomics作者：MargaretSharpInwardInvestmentandIndustrialCompetitivenessInwardinvestment-foreigndirectinvestmentinsubsidiariesandjointventures-hasplayedanimportantpartinEurope'spost-wardevelopmentasmultinationalfirms,p

2、articularlyAmericanmultinationals,becameamajorfeatureofmanyEuropeaneconomies.Latterly,wehaveseenanincreasingpresencealsofromJapanandotherSouth-EastAsiancountries,asweltasaresurgenceofintra-Europeaninvestment.WhathasbeentheeffectofthisonthecompetitivenessofEuropeanindustry?Theresear

3、chprojectonwhichthisarticleisbasedbeganwithaconundrum.StudiesintheUKrevealedthatwhereasthehighlevelofforeignpenetrationhadtendedtostimulatethecompetitivenessofmajorUKpharmaceuticalfirms,ithadnosucheffectonmajorUKfirmsinvolvedintheoffshoresuppliesindustry.1Whyshouldthishavebeen?Andh

4、owfardidthissame,variedexperienceholdtrueforotherindustrialsectorsandothercountries?Tohelpanswerthesequestionsweextendedthestudytocoverthesemiconductorandconsumerelectronicssectors,andweexaminedtheroleofinwardinvestmentinthesesectorsnotjustintheUK,butalsoinotherEuropeanCountries.Tr

5、endsinNetInvestmentItishelpfultobeginwithsomefiguresillustratingtrendsandrelativities.TableIshowsinwardinvestmentflowsasapercentageofoutwardflowsandthereforeillustrateshowfaracountryhasbeenanetrecipientoranetlenderintermsofdirectinvestmentUsingthismeasureovercomesproblemsofallowing

6、forbothexchangeratefluctuationsandinflationwhileatthesametimeillustratingdevelopmentsoveratwenty-fiveyearperiod.Threeimportanttrendsstandout.First,thedemiseoftheUnitedStatesasasubstantialnetinvestor.Second,theshiftofWestGermanyandJapanfromthestatusofdebtortocreditornations.Thethird

7、trendrelatestotheUK.Eveninthe1960'stheUKwas,liketheUS,anetexporterofcapital,butincontrasttothepositionoftheUS,inthelastdecadeBritainhasbecomeamajornetinvestoroverseas.Japanesecompaniesmayhavebecomemajorinvestorsoverseas,butcumulativelytheirshareremainsverysmallbesidethatoftheUS.Tab

8、les2and3revealthecumulativ