The English Renaissance

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1、TheEnglishRenaissance(late15thcentury~early17thcentury)Madeby张晓妹Thisisagreatestandmostadvancedrevolutioninthehumanhistory.Thisistheagethegiantsareneededandproduced.——F.Engels恩格斯TheRenaissanceⅠ.HistoricalBackgroundⅡ.RenaissanceⅢ.HumanismⅣ.Literature★Thebreakingupoffe

2、udalrelationsandtheestablishingofthefoundationsofcapitalism;Theenclosure;thewaroftheRoses;thestrengtheningoftheabsolutemonarchy;theriseofthebourgeoisie;thedefeatoftheSpanishArmada.Newsocialandeconomicconditionsbroughtaboutgreatchangesinthedevelopmentofscienceandart.

3、Sowiththestrengtheningofnewbourgeoisnationalstate,thisperiodismarkedbyaflourishingofnationalcultureknownastheRenaissance.HistoricalBackground←Theword“Renaissance”means“rebirth”(oflearning).TheRenaissancePeriodwasmarkedbyareawakeningofinterestinlearning,intheindividu

4、alandintheworldofnature.TheRevivaloflearningledscholarsbacktothecultureofGreeceandRome.TheRebirthofinterestintheindividualgaverisetoanewappreciationofbeauty,toadesireforself-expressioninvariedactivitiesandtothecreationofgreatworksofart.Therenewalofcuriosityaboutthen

5、aturalworldultimatelydrewmentodiscovernewlandsandnewscientifictruths.WhatisRenaissance?←DivisionofEnglishRenaissanceEnglishRenaissanceisusuallydividedintothreeperiods:1)ThefirstperiodcalledthebeginningoftheRenaissancestartedin1516andcametoanendin1578.2)Thesecondperi

6、odknownasthefloweringtimeoftheRenaissancewasfrom1578to1625.3)Thethirdperiodbetween1625and1660istheepilogueoftheRenaissance.Inthesecondperiod,QueenElizabethruledthecountry.ForthisreasonitisalsocalledElizabethanPeriod.WilliamShakespeare,thegreatestplaywrightofEngland,

7、livedintheElizabethanPeriod.SointhehistoryofEnglishliterature,thisperiodisoftenreferredtoastheAgeofWilliamShakespeare.←Humanismwasanattituderatherthanaphilosophy,non-dogmatic(非教义).Accordingtohumanists,manshouldmould(塑造)theworldaccordingtohisowndesires,andattainhappi

8、nessbyremovingallexternalchecksbytheexerciseofthehumanintellect.HumanismwasoneofthemostimportantfactorsgivingrisetotheRenaissance.humanism