Culture governance and place making in taiwan and China

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1、372CulturalGovernanceandPlace-MakinginTaiwanandChina*†SelinaChingChanABSTRACTThisarticlecomparesculturalgovernanceinTaiwanandChinathroughtheirrespectiveplace-makingprocesses.Itinvestigateshowculturalpolicesobjectifytraditionandpopularizeculturallandscapeinlocalplacesforec

2、onomicdevelopmentandidentitypolitics.Contrarytowhatwouldbecommonlyexpected,theChinesegovernmentadoptedaminimalistapproachwhiletheTaiwanesegovernmentwasmuchmorehands-on.Thesociopoliticalhistoriesofthetwogovernmentsandtheirobjectivesareexaminedtounderstandthisdifference.Ina

3、ddition,thereac-tionsofthelocalstoculturalpoliciesinthetwoplacesarealsocontrasted.Finally,thedifferenteffectsofculturalgovernanceinChinaandTaiwanareexamined.Inparticular,itwasfoundthatcommunalrelationshavedeterio-ratedinChinabutstrengthenedinTaiwanasaresult.Thisarticleexa

4、minesculturalgovernanceinTaiwanandChinaasaprocessthroughwhichgovernmentsexercisecontrolbymanagingtheidentitiesoflocalplacesandshapingcultures.Onculturalgovernance,Foucaulthasshownhowdifferentnarrativesandappropriationsofplaceswheregovernmentalanddisci-plinaryregimesimbric

5、atewouldinvolvepower.1InTaiwanandChina,Iarguethatculturalgovernancepolicieswereusedtoobjectifytraditionandpopularizeculturallandscapeinlocalplacesforeconomicdevelopmentandidentitypolitics.Place-makinginbothsocietiesinvolvescollectivememorynarratives,inventionoftradition,h

6、eritageconsumptionanddomestictourism,andyetisdrivenbyratherdifferentmodesofculturalgovernance.InChina,rampantcommercializa-tionfollowingeconomicreformssince1978broughtforwardthecommodifica-tionofculturalspecialitiesandheritageplaces.InTaiwan,localhistoriesandmemorieshaveb

7、eenrevivedsince1988whenex-presidentLeeTengHuibecamepresident,withtheobjectiveofcreatingauniqueTaiwaneseidentitytosupportthepro-independencemovement.CulturalgovernanceinTaiwanmaytherefore*Informantsaregratefullyacknowledged,asarethereviewerswhokindlyprovidedfeedbackonanear

8、-lierdraft.†HongKongShueYanUniversity.Email:scchan@hksyu.edu1MichaelFoucault(trans.AlanSheridan)