Houselot Refuse Disposal and Geochemistry at a Late 19th Century Hacienda Village in Yucat醤, Mexico

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1、371HouselotRefuseDisposalandGeochetnistryataLate19thCenturyHaciendaVillageinYucatan,MexicoAllanD.MeyersAllisonS.HarveySarahA.LevitholEckerdCollegeSt.Petersburg,FloridaInthe19thcentury)anincreasingpercentageoftherural)Maya-descentpopulationinYucatan)Mexico)becametied

2、tohaciendaestatesthroughlegallysanctioneddebtpeonage.RecentinvestigationsatHaciendaTabi)apre-revolutionarysugarplantationinthepenin-sula)sPuucregion)shedlightonnon-architecturaldomesticspacesoccupiedbydebtpeons.Spatialdistributionsofceramicdebrisandsoilphosphoruscon

3、centrationsinfourhouselotsapproximatemodelsofwastemanagementincontemporarydomesticsettings.Thesizesort-ingofin01;ganicrefuse)inparticula1jisaconsistentindicatorofpatiozones.Thedatasug-gestthathouselotstructureunderconditionsofforcedlaborwasnotappreciablydifferentfro

4、mwhathasbeendocumentedforindependentsubsistencefarmersinMesoamerica.Nev-ertheless)discardpatternsatTabisuggestthatsomelotsweremoreintensivelymaintainedthanothers)andthisvariationmayberelatedtopopulationdensityorworkforcestratifica-tion.Thesite)sgoodstateofpreservati

5、on)resultinginpartfromarelativelyshortperiodofoccupationandarapidabandonmentevent)facilitatesthestudyofculturalformationprocessesindomesticcontextsofthenorthernMayaLowlands.Introductioncultureandeconomicallyliberalpoliciesonthepeninsula.Indeed,export-orientedagricul

6、turegrewmostrapidlydur-TheindigenouspopulationsofYucatan,Mexico,expe-ingthePorfiriato(1876-1911),theyearswhenMexicorienceddramaticchangestotheirlifewaysinthecenturieswasundertheautocraticruleofPorfirioDiaz(Evans2007:followingSpanishconquest(e.g.,Clendinnen2003;Patch

7、32-66).1993).BythetimeofMexicanindependence,theYucatecAslargehaciendasexpandedinthe19thcentury,anin-MayawerefirmlyenmeshedinwhatNancyFarriss(1984:creasingpercentageoftheMaya-descentpopulation355)termsa'''neo-colonialera;duringwhichtheirassim-moved,eitherbyforceorthr

8、oughtheirownvolition,on-ilationintothelargersocietydominatedbythecreolede-toprivateestatesandtookupresidenceaslegallysanc-scendantsoftheco