【翻译】2炙热考点【课堂笔记】

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1、翻译炙热考点英语汉语1用词多变异&^$#&*$^2表述多抽象表述多具体3句子多被动句子多主动4句子多糅合句子多分解5句子重逻辑句子重语义6倒装7省略一．从多变到一致以语境为媒介！1.英汉词汇均多义——义由境生SoitisabitconfusingwhenVosSavantfieldssuchqueriesfromtheaverageJoe(whoseIQis100)as,What’sthedifferencebetweenloveandfondness?Orwhatisthenatureofluckandcoincide

2、nce?2.英语用词多替换——互文现义（近义词、指代关系）Wereachforthemmindlessly,settingourbrainsonauto-pilotandrelaxingintotheunconsciouscomfortoffamiliarroutine.“Notchoice,buthabitrulestheunreflectingherd,”WilliamWordsworthsaidinthe19thcentury.Themonkey’smostextraordinaryaccomplishmentwa

3、slearningtooperateatractor.Bytheageofnine,ithadlearnedtosoloonthevehicle.Therewillbetelevisionshowshostedbyrobots,andcarswithpollutionmonitorsthatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend.3.【真题范例】Furthermore,humanshavetheabilitytomodifytheenvironmentinwhichtheylive,thussubje

4、ctingallotherlifeformstotheirownpeculiarideasandfancies.[2003-61-36]而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而是让所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidence…[2010-46-31]科学家赶快用明显站不住脚的证据来救驾hebelievesthatthisverydifficulty…Darwinwasconvincedthatthel

5、ossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness二．从抽象到具体1.名词转换为动词词组或分句Neithersorrownorregretfollowedmypassionateoutburst.Evenanelementaryknowledgeofstatisticsissufficienttoenablethejournalisttoavoidmisleadinghisreaders.1.动词加入适当的宾语或转义（状语）Theremenwroteandpublishedextensi

6、vely,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofintellectualearnestness.2.【真题范例】Thisseems这种观点看似ajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,justàjustifyàjustification在证明忽视那些经济拮据的人是正确的andarationalizationofexploitation,of剥削thesuperiorityofth

7、oseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom.Rationalàrationalize也在证明剥削、社会上层的优越感及社会底层的自卑感是合理的。一．从被动到主动MarywaskissedbyJohn.1.若by后为动作发出者，以其为主语，将句子主动化翻译；Whatmeasureshavebeenorarebeingadoptedbythegovernmenttoreduceairpollution?2.将“被”转换为“得到”“受到”“遭到”或“由”；Thediscovery

8、ishighlyappreciatedinthecircleofscience.TheApolloXIIcrewreportedthattheirspaceshipwasbeingfollowedbytwoUFOs.Thisconferenceispresidedoverbyme.3.可以加入虚拟主语（人们、我们）或