[西安]炙热考点

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1、翻译炙热考点一、词汇释义二、被动语态三、从句问题四、倒装问题五、省略问题六、逻辑问题一．词汇释义：法则一：“词本无意，义由境生”增减转抽象名词动词化【范例】[2009-T4-P50]Thesemenwroteandpublishedextensively,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofintellectualearnestness.法则二：“词本无形，互文现义”代词根据上文还原；近义词或同义词统一翻译；

2、【范例】[2011-48-P203]1.Thisseems这种观点看起来2.ajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,3.andarationalization4.ofexploitation,5.ofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom.justify证明2是对的；rationalize证明45是合理的。【范例】[2008-46-P203]Hebelievesthatthisverydiffi

3、cultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.【范例】[2008-50-P205]Darwinwasconvincedthatthelossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmightpossibly

4、beinjurioustotheintellect,andmoreprobablytothemoralcharacter.二．被动语态1.若by后为动作发出者，以其为主语，主动化；Whatmeasuresshouldbeadoptedbythedepartmentconcernedtoreduceunemployment?2.可将“被”转化为“得到、受到、遭到”或“加以”或“由”；Youreffortishighlyappreciatedbytheboard.Theauthorclaimsthathisnovelwas

5、plagiarizedbyahooligan.3.可加入虚拟主语（人们、我们）或逻辑主语（逻辑推断），将句子主动化；Theareahasbeenmarkedoutforbuildingmorehotels.4.可将被动句转化为判断句；MyfirstfortyyearswerespentinSouthernEurope.5.若句中蕴含情态动词，以其开头，将句子转化为祈使句；Word-memorizingmustbedonebeforeSeptember!6.综合运用以上方法，处理形式主语的被动语态。Itisimagine

6、dbymanythat….Itshouldberealizedthat…1.Itmaybe(2)said2.[withoutfearofexaggeration]3.that….【范例】[P199-S5]1.Anditisimaginedbymany2.thattheoperationprocessesofthecommonmen’smindcanbynomeansbecomparedwithscientists’operationprocessesofmind,3.andthey(后者)haveto（4）beacqu

7、ired4.[byasortofspecialtraining].1，2，3（4）3.互文现义【范例】[2002-63-P208]Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundredyearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognize

8、dandstudied.三．从句问题汉语：竹状结构英语：树状结构Thelastfewdayshasfoundmeveryrestless.1.[Thisevening]2.[asIsatintheyardtoenjoythecool],3.itstruckme4.howdifferentthelotuspoolmustlook5.