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时间:2018-12-03
《2014年职称英语考试综合类b级名师课堂:预测点题阅读理解(一)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、预测点题阅读理解(一)本课知识点:1.文章背景分析2.文章和题目讲解3.知识点助记SpacinginAnimalsFlightDistanceAnyobservantpersonhasnoticedthatawildanimalwillallowamanorotherpotentialenemytoapproachonlyuptoagivendistancebeforeitflees.“Flightdistance'sthetermsusedforthisinterspeciesspacing.Asageneralrule,thereisapositiverelationshipbe
2、tweenthesizeofananimalanditsflightdistance—thelargertheanimal,thegreaterthedistaneeitmustkeepbetweenitselfandtheenemy.Anantelopewillfleewhentheenemyisasmuchasfivehundredyardsaway.ThewalIlizard’sflightdistance,ontheotherhandisaboutsixfeet.Flightisthebasicmeansofsurvivalformobilecreatures.Critica
3、lDistanceCriticaldistanceapparentlyispresentwhereverandwheneverthereisaflightreaction.“Criticaldistance”includesthenarrowzoneseparatingflightdistancefromattackdistance.Alioninazoowillfleefromanapproachingmanuntilitmeetsabarrierthatitcannotovercome.Ifthemancontinuestheapproach,hesoonpenetratesth
4、elion’scriticaldistance,atwhichpointthecorneredlionreversesdirectionandbeginsslowlytostalktheman.SocialDistaneeSocialanimalsneedtostayintouchwitheachother.Lossofcontactwiththegroupcanbefatalforavarietyofreasonsincludingexposuretoenemies.Socialdistanceisnotsimplythedistaneeatwhichananimalwilllos
5、econtactwithhisgroup—thatis,thedistanceatwhichitcannoIongersee,hear,orsmellthegroup—itisratherapsychologicaldistance,oneatwhichtheanimalapparentlybeginstofeelanxiouswhenheexceedsitslimits.Wecanthinkofitasahiddenbandthatcontainsthegroup.Socialdistancevariesfromspeciestospecies.ltisquiteshort—app
6、arentlyonlyafewyards—amongsomeanimals,andquiteIongamongothers.SociaIdistanceisnotalwaysrigidlyfixedbutisdeterminedinpartbythesituation.WhentheyoungofapesandhumansaremobilebutnotyetundercontroIofthemother'svoice,socialdistancemaybethelengthofherreach.Thisisreadilyobservedamongthebaboonsinazoo.Wh
7、enthebabyapproachesacertainpoint,themotherreachesouttoseizetheendofitstaiIandpullitbacktoher.Whenaddedcontrolisneededbecauseofdanger,sociaIdistanceshrinks.Toshowthisinman,onehasonlytowatchafamilywithanumberofsmallchildrenholdingha
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