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时间:2018-04-28
《2014年职称英语考试综合类b级名师课堂:预测点题 阅读理解(一)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、预测点题阅读理解(一)本课知识点:1.文章背景分析2.文章和题目讲解3.知识点助记SpacinginAnimalsFlightDistanceAnyobservantpersonhasnoticedthatawildanimalwillallowamanorotherpotentialenemytoapproachonlyuptoagivendistancebeforeitflees.“Flightdistance”isthetermsusedforthisinterspeciesspacing.Asageneralrule,thereisapositiverelations
2、hipbetweenthesizeofananimalanditsflightdistance—thelargertheanimal,thegreaterthedistanceitmustkeepbetweenitselfandtheenemy.Anantelopewillfleewhentheenemyisasmuchasfivehundredyardsaway.Thewalllizard’sflightdistance,ontheotherhandisaboutsixfeet.Flightisthebasicmeansofsurvivalformobilecreature
3、s.CriticalDistanceCriticaldistanceapparentlyispresentwhereverandwheneverthereisaflightreaction.“Criticaldistance”includesthenarrowzoneseparatingflightdistancefromattackdistance.Alioninazoowillfleefromanapproachingmanuntilitmeetsabarrierthatitcannotovercome.Ifthemancontinuestheapproach,hesoo
4、npenetratesthelion'scriticaldistance,atwhichpointthecorneredlionreversesdirectionandbeginsslowlytostalktheman.SocialDistanceSocialanimalsneedtostayintouchwitheachother.Lossofcontactwiththegroupcanbefatalforavarietyofreasonsincludingexposuretoenemies.Socialdistanceisnotsimplythedistanceatwhi
5、chananimalwilllosecontactwithhisgroup—thatis,thedistanceatwhichitcannolongersee,hear,orsmellthegroup—itisratherapsychologicaldistance,oneatwhichtheanimalapparentlybeginstofeelanxiouswhenheexceedsitslimits.Wecanthinkofitasahiddenbandthatcontainsthegroup.Socialdistancevariesfromspeciestospeci
6、es.Itisquiteshort—apparentlyonlyafewyards—amongsomeanimals,andquitelongamongothers.Socialdistanceisnotalwaysrigidlyfixedbutisdeterminedinpartbythesituation.Whentheyoungofapesandhumansaremobilebutnotyetundercontrolofthemother'svoice,socialdistancemaybethelengthofherreach.Thisisreadilyobserve
7、damongthebaboonsinazoo.Whenthebabyapproachesacertainpoint,themotherreachesouttoseizetheendofitstailandpullitbacktoher.Whenaddedcontrolisneededbecauseofdanger,socialdistanceshrinks.Toshowthisinman,onehasonlytowatchafamilywithanumberofsmallchildrenholdingh
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